Neural plasticity across the lifespan.

Neural plasticity across the lifespan.
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DOI:
10.1002/wdev.216
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发表时间:
2017-01
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Schlaggar, Bradley L.
Schlaggar, Bradley L.
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Power, Jonathan D.;Schlaggar, Bradley L.

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大脑的一个基本特征是它的变化能力。神经科学家用“可塑性”一词来描述神经元连接和电路的延展性。可塑性是如何工作的?对当前数据的回顾表明,可塑性包括许多不同的现象,其中一些现象贯穿大部分或全部生命周期,而另一些则只在早期发育中起作用。这篇文章调查了一些与神经可塑性相关的关键概念,从当前的神经活动模式(例如,当你阅读这篇文章时)如何影响未来的活动模式(例如,你对这篇文章的记忆)开始,然后将这个框架扩展到更具体的可塑性发展机制。
An essential feature of the brain is its capacity to change. Neuroscientists use the term “plasticity” to describe the malleability of neuronal connectivity and circuitry. How does plasticity work? A review of current data suggests that plasticity encompasses many distinct phenomena, some of which operate across most or all of the lifespan, and others that operate exclusively in early development. This essay surveys some of the key concepts related to neural plasticity, beginning with how current patterns of neural activity (e.g., as you read this essay) come to impact future patterns of activity (e.g., your memory of this essay), and then extending this framework backward into more development-specific mechanisms of plasticity.
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