Are political representatives more risk-loving than the electorate? Evidence from German federal and state parliaments
Are political representatives more risk-loving than the electorate? Evidence from German federal and state parliaments
复制标题
政治代表比选民更愿意冒险吗？
DOI：
10.1057/s41599-018-0112-x
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Gert G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moritz ; von Scheve;Christian ; Schupp;Jürgen ; Wagner; Wagner;Gert G.
政治代表经常作出对公民和社会具有深远影响的决定。这些决策中的大多数都是在收益和损失的概率难以估计的情况下做出的选择。虽然决策对政治至关重要，但现有的研究几乎从未涉及过显著影响决策的特征的政治代表性。其中一个特征是风险倾向，也就是一个人愿意承担风险。使用一个独特的数据集组成的代表性样本的德国联邦议会，四个德国州议会，和一般的德国人口，本研究调查的程度，政治代表的风险倾向类似于他们的选民的风险偏好。不仅是描述性的结果，即使在使用匹配技术和控制了几个潜在的混淆变量后，研究表明，政治代表在几个风险承担领域比普通公民更喜欢冒险。这一发现的意义是双重的。首先，它指出了代表性差距，表明政客们倾向于比选民更冒险的选择，这不仅影响了政客们自己，也影响了整个政体。其次，它提出了一种有用的“劳动分工”，根据这种分工，热爱风险的政治家准备在特殊情况下冒险，而他们的选民会避开这种情况。
Political representatives frequently make decisions with far-reaching implications for citizens and societies. Most of these decisions are choices in situations in which the probabilities of gains and losses are hard to estimate. Although decision-making is crucial to politics, existing research has hardly ever addressed the political representation of traits that notably influence decision-making. One such trait is risk propensity; that is, an individual’s willingness to take risk. Using a unique dataset consisting of representative samples of the German Federal Parliament, four German State Parliaments, and the general German population, the present study investigates the degree to which political representatives’ risk propensity resembles their constituents’ appetite for risk. Not only descriptive results but even after using matching techniques and controlling for several potentially confounding variables, the study shows that political representatives are significantly more risk loving than the average citizen across several domains of risk taking. The implications of this finding are twofold. First, it points at a representation gap suggesting that politicians tend towards riskier choices than their voters, which not only affects politicians themselves but the entire polity. Second, it suggests a useful ‘division of labor’according to which risk-loving politicians are prepared to take risks in exceptional situations, which their constituents would eschew.
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重新思考代表性
影响因子：
6.8
作者：
Jane J. Mansbridge;Jane J. Mansbridge
通讯作者：
Jane J. Mansbridge
谁成为政治家？
DOI：
10.3386/w23120
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
NBER Working Paper Series
影响因子：
--
作者：
Ernesto Dal Bó;Frederico Finan;Olle Folke;T. Persson;Johanna Rickne
通讯作者：
Johanna Rickne
DOI：
10.2139/ssrn.2849743
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
Behavioral & Experimental Economics eJournal
影响因子：
--
作者：
Sebastian Fehrler;U. Fischbacher;Maik T. Schneider
通讯作者：
Maik T. Schneider
DOI：
10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199653881.001.0001
发表时间：
2014
期刊：
Behavioral & Experimental Economics eJournal
影响因子：
--
作者：
R. Rhodes;P. Hart
通讯作者：
P. Hart
毕竟风险寻求者可能是反社会的
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Sergio Da Silva
通讯作者：
Sergio Da Silva