The great small organisms of developmental genetics: Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster.
The great small organisms of developmental genetics: Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ydbio.2022.02.013
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发表时间：
2022-05
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Nuesslein-Volhard, Christiane
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kimble, Judith;Nuesslein-Volhard, Christiane
19世纪初的实验胚胎学家提出了发育的基本机制，如定位的细胞质决定因素和组织诱导。然而，这些过程背后的分子基础在很长一段时间内被证明是难以解决的，尽管许多发育系统都在共同努力分离具有生物学作用的因子。通过将发育生物学和遗传学结合起来，这一障碍被克服了。这一强大的方法使用无偏见的全基因组筛选来分离具有发育缺陷的突变，从而识别编码关键决定因素的基因和管理发育的调控途径。两种小型无脊椎动物是先驱：果蝇和线虫。它们的发育模式在许多方面都不同，但两者共同引领了许多基本发育过程的分子机制的解开。整个动物界发育中的关键角色之间巨大同源性的发现，突显了研究这些用于动物发育甚至人类疾病的小型无脊椎动物模型的用处。我们描述了果蝇和线虫的发育遗传学，直到21世纪初基因组学的兴起。最后，我们讨论了从这些不同的有机体的历史中出现的主题以及这种方法的未来前景。
Experimental embryologists working at the turn of the 19th century suggested fundamental mechanisms of development, such as localized cytoplasmic determinants and tissue induction. However, the molecular basis underlying these processes proved intractable for a long time, despite concerted efforts in many developmental systems to isolate factors with a biological role. That road block was overcome by combining developmental biology with genetics. This powerful approach used unbiased genome-wide screens to isolate mutants with developmental defects and to thereby identify genes encoding key determinants and regulatory pathways that govern development. Two small invertebrates were the pioneers: the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Their modes of development differ in many ways, but the two together led the way to unraveling the molecular mechanisms of many fundamental developmental processes. The discovery of the grand homologies between key players in development throughout the animal kingdom underscored the usefulness of studying these small invertebrate models for animal development and even human disease. We describe developmental genetics in Drosophila and C. elegans up to the rise of genomics at the beginning of the 21st Century. Finally, we discuss themes that emerge from the histories of such distinct organisms and prospects of this approach for the future.
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影响因子：
64.5
作者：
Böhni, R;Riesgo-Escovar, J;Hafen, E
通讯作者：
Hafen, E
影响因子：
64.5
作者：
CHALFIE, M;HORVITZ, HR;SULSTON, JE
通讯作者：
SULSTON, JE
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Bridges, CB
通讯作者：
Bridges, CB
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
AMBROS, V;HORVITZ, HR
通讯作者：
HORVITZ, HR
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.58.3.1112
发表时间：
1967-01-01
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
BENZER, S
通讯作者：
BENZER, S