The shaping of modern human immune systems by multiregional admixture with archaic humans.
The shaping of modern human immune systems by multiregional admixture with archaic humans.
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1209202
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发表时间：
2011-10-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Parham P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abi-Rached L;Jobin MJ;Kulkarni S;McWhinnie A;Dalva K;Gragert L;Babrzadeh F;Gharizadeh B;Luo M;Plummer FA;Kimani J;Carrington M;Middleton D;Rajalingam R;Beksac M;Marsh SG;Maiers M;Guethlein LA;Tavoularis S;Little AM;Green RE;Norman PJ;Parham P
全基因组比较确定了从古代人到现代人的基因渗入。我们对高度多态性的HLA I类（重要的免疫系统成分）的分析表明，现代人是如何通过与古人类丹尼索瓦人（可能是尼安德特人的姐妹群体）的混合而获得西亚的HLA- b *73等位基因的。丹尼索瓦人和尼安德特人基因组的虚拟基因分型鉴定出携带功能独特等位基因的古老HLA单倍型，这些等位基因已渗入现代欧亚和大洋洲人群。这些等位基因，其中有几个为自然杀伤细胞受体编码独特或强配体，现在占现代欧亚人HLA等位基因的一半以上，而且似乎后来也被引入非洲人。因此，古代等位基因的适应性渗入显著地塑造了现代人类的免疫系统。
Whole genome comparisons identified introgression from archaic to modern humans. Our analysis of highly polymorphic HLA class I, vital immune system components subject to strong balancing selection, shows how modern humans acquired the HLA-B*73 allele in west Asia through admixture with archaic humans called Denisovans, a likely sister group to the Neandertals. Virtual genotyping of Denisovan and Neandertal genomes identified archaic HLA haplotypes carrying functionally distinctive alleles that have introgressed into modern Eurasian and Oceanian populations. These alleles, of which several encode unique or strong ligands for natural killer cell receptors, now represent more than half the HLA alleles of modern Eurasians and also appear to have been later introduced into Africans. Thus, adaptive introgression of archaic alleles has significantly shaped modern human immune systems.
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