Drosophila increase exploration after visually detecting predators.
Drosophila increase exploration after visually detecting predators.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0180749
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Roman G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de la Flor M;Chen L;Manson-Bishop C;Chu TC;Zamora K;Robbins D;Gunaratne G;Roman G
新的刺激引发的行为统称为特定探索。这些行为使动物更加熟悉环境中的新事物。特定的探索经常被对捕食者线索的防御反应所抑制。在这里，我们通过测量黑腹果蝇对野生捕食者的反应来研究这种抑制是否发生在黑腹果蝇中。我们实验中使用的苍蝇是经过培养的，几十年来没有在捕食者的威胁下生活过。在一个有中央笼子捕食者的圆形竞技场中，野生型果蝇主动避开泛热带跳蛛（Plexippus paykulli）和德克萨斯独角兽螳螂（Phyllovates chlorophaena），这表明它们对这些捕食者有天生的防御反应。有趣的是，野生型雄性果蝇也会避开笼子中央的模拟蜘蛛，当模拟蜘蛛在笼子里移动时，对它的回避会变得更加夸张。视力受损的果蝇无法识别和躲避帕库利丛蝇和移动的模拟蜘蛛，而嗅觉广泛的或co2突变体则完全能够识别和躲避帕库利丛蝇，这表明这些果蝇主要依靠视觉来感知捕食者的刺激。在早期的探索过程中，当paykulli和移动的模拟蜘蛛存在时，探索活动增加。在探索结束后，这种活性的升高消失了，这表明果蝇能够适应捕食者的信号。总之，这些结果表明，尽管与捕食者隔离了几十年，果蝇仍能通过视觉发现这些捕食者，保留先天的防御行为，通过增加在竞技场的探索活动而不是抑制活动来做出反应，并可能习惯于正常的捕食者线索。
Novel stimuli elicit behaviors that are collectively known as specific exploration. These behaviors allow the animal to become more familiar with the novel objects within its environment. Specific exploration is frequently suppressed by defensive reactions to predator cues. Herein, we examine if this suppression occurs in Drosophila melanogaster by measuring the response of these flies to wild harvested predators. The flies used in our experiments have been cultured and had not lived under predator threat for multiple decades. In a circular arena with centrally-caged predators, wild type Drosophila actively avoided the pantropical jumping spider, Plexippus paykulli, and the Texas unicorn mantis, Phyllovates chlorophaena, indicating an innate defensive reaction to these predators. Interestingly, wild type Drosophila males also avoided a centrally-caged mock spider, and the avoidance of the mock spider became exaggerated when it was made to move within the cage. Visually impaired Drosophila failed to detect and avoid the Plexippus paykulli and the moving mock spider, while the broadly anosmic orco2 mutants were fully capable of detecting and avoiding Plexippus paykulli, indicating that these flies principally relied upon vison to perceive the predator stimuli. During early exploration of the arena, exploratory activity increased in the presence of Plexippus paykulli and the moving mock spider. The elevated activity induced by Plexippus paykulli disappeared after the fly had finished exploring, suggesting the flies were capable of habituating the predator cues. Taken together, these results indicate that despite being isolated from predators for decades Drosophila will visually detect these predators, retain innate defensive behaviors, respond by increasing exploratory activity in the arena rather than suppressing activity, and may habituate to normal predator cues.
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影响因子：
8.2
作者：
Eilam, D
通讯作者：
Eilam, D
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Fotowat, Haleh;Fayyazuddin, Amir;Gabbiani, Fabrizio
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DOI：
10.1002/neu.20111
发表时间：
2005-02-15
期刊：
JOURNAL OF NEUROBIOLOGY
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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