Psychophysiology of neural, cognitive and affective integration: fMRI and autonomic indicants.
Psychophysiology of neural, cognitive and affective integration: fMRI and autonomic indicants.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2009.01.012
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发表时间：
2009-08
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Critchley, Hugo D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Critchley, Hugo D.
在平衡需求的背景下，环境挑战塑造了行为。情绪和认知过程会引起身体状态的模式化变化，这可能会向他人发出情绪状态的信号。这种内脏状态的动态调节是由自主神经系统的交感和副交感神经分支在神经上调节的。此外，神经传入将身体内部状态的表示传递回大脑，从而进一步影响情绪和认知。神经成像和损伤研究表明，边缘前脑的特定区域与自主神经唤醒状态的行为产生有关。这些区域内的活动可以预测身体器官内部和之间的情绪特异性自主神经反应模式，这对心身医学有一定的意义。来自内脏的反馈在大脑中被层次化地映射，以影响传出信号，并最终在大脑皮层水平上产生和加强情感反应和主观感觉状态。神经成像和患者研究再次表明，这些表征的神经底物是离散的，特别是脑岛和眶前皮质的区域。有意识地获得这些相互感觉表征的个体差异预示着情绪体验的差异，但同样地，对高唤醒水平的误解可能会通过相同的神经中心的参与而引起情绪行为的变化。反馈的扰动可能会损害情绪反应，在炎症状态下，会引起疾病的认知、情感和精神运动表现。情感过程中内脏状态的变化可能会反映在其他人的反应中，从而允许观察者进行相应的表征。个体易受这种“传染”影响的程度预示着个体在同理心问卷评分上的差异。这些神经成像和临床研究一起突出了精神和身体之间的动态关系，并有助于识别神经基础，这些神经基础可能会将思想转化为自主神经唤醒，将身体状态转化为可以分享的感觉。
Behaviour is shaped by environmental challenge in the context of homoeostatic need. Emotional and cognitive processes evoke patterned changes in bodily state that may signal emotional state to others. This dynamic modulation of visceral state is neurally mediated by sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system. Moreover neural afferents convey representations of the internal state of the body back to the brain to further influence emotion and cognition. Neuroimaging and lesion studies implicate specific regions of limbic forebrain in the behavioural generation of autonomic arousal states. Activity within these regions may predict emotion-specific autonomic response patterns within and between bodily organs, with implications for psychosomatic medicine. Feedback from the viscera is mapped hierarchically in the brain to influence efferent signals, and ultimately at the cortical level to engender and reinforce affective responses and subjective feeling states. Again neuroimaging and patient studies suggest discrete neural substrates for these representations, notably regions of insula and orbitofrontal cortex. Individual differences in conscious access to these interoceptive representations predict differences in emotional experience, but equally the misperception of heightened arousal level may evoke changes in emotional behaviour through engagement of the same neural centres. Perturbation of feedback may impair emotional reactivity and, in the context of inflammatory states give rise to cognitive, affective and psychomotor expressions of illness. Changes in visceral state during emotion may be mirrored in the responses of others, permitting a corresponding representation in the observer. The degree to which individuals are susceptible to this ‘contagion’ predicts individual differences in questionnaire ratings of empathy. Together these neuroimaging and clinical studies highlight the dynamic relationship between mind and body and help identify neural substrates that may translate thoughts into autonomic arousal and bodily states into feelings that can be shared.
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影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Critchley, Hugo D.;Lewis, Penelope A.;Dolan, Raymond J.
通讯作者：
Dolan, Raymond J.
影响因子：
14.5
作者：
Critchley, HD;Mathias, CJ;Dolan, RJ
通讯作者：
Dolan, RJ
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Edwards, L;McIntyre, D;Martin, U
通讯作者：
Martin, U
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Critchley, HD
通讯作者：
Critchley, HD
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Critchley, HD;Tang, J;Dolan, RJ
通讯作者：
Dolan, RJ