Distinct Roles for the Anterior Cingulate and Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortices During Conflict Between Abstract Rules.
Distinct Roles for the Anterior Cingulate and Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortices During Conflict Between Abstract Rules.
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DOI：
10.1093/cercor/bhw350
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Buckley MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boschin EA;Brkic MM;Simons JS;Buckley MJ
在涉及竞争反应之间的冲突的任务中，神经影像学研究中报告的前扣带皮层（ACC）和背外侧前额叶皮层（dlPFC）内的不同活动模式经常被引用为它们分别对冲突监控和行为适应做出关键贡献的证据。然而，来自神经心理学患者的支持性证据一直是稀缺和矛盾的。我们对6例ACC或dlPFC损伤的患者进行了威斯康星州卡片分类测试的模拟研究，旨在引起2个抽象规则之间的冲突。对前扣带回造成更大损害的患者，无论是在“冲突成本”还是在“冲突引起的行为适应”方面都没有受到损害。相反，与对照组相比，dlPFC的损伤并不影响冲突成本的测量，但消除了患者在暴露于冲突后适应其行为的能力。这种模式的结果补充了非人灵长类动物的研究结果，ACC或dlPFC在同一任务上有更多的限制性病变，并提供了收敛的证据表明，ACC是没有必要的性能时，引起冲突的2个抽象的规则，而dlPFC在行为适应中起着重要的作用。
Distinct patterns of activity within the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) reported in neuroimaging studies during tasks involving conflict between competing responses have often been cited as evidence for their key contributions to conflict-monitoring and behavioral adaptation, respectively. However, supporting evidence from neuropsychological patients has been scarce and contradictory. We administered a well-studied analog of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, designed to elicit conflict between 2 abstract rules, to a cohort of 6 patients with damage to ACC or dlPFC. Patients who had sustained more significant damage to the ACC were not impaired either on a measure of “conflict cost” nor on measures of “conflict-induced behavioral adaptation.” In contrast, damage to dlPFC did not affect the conflict cost measure but abolished the patients’ ability to adapt their behavior following exposure to conflict, compared with controls. This pattern of results complements the findings from nonhuman primates with more circumscribed lesions to ACC or dlPFC on the same task and provides converging evidence that ACC is not necessary for performance when conflict is elicited between 2 abstract rules, whereas dlPFC plays a fundamental role in behavioral adaptation.
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