Zika, chikungunya and dengue: the causes and threats of new and re-emerging arboviral diseases.

Zika, chikungunya and dengue: the causes and threats of new and re-emerging arboviral diseases.
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DOI:
10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000530
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发表时间:
2018
期刊:
影响因子:
8.1
通讯作者:
Rodrigues LC
Rodrigues LC
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Paixão ES;Teixeira MG;Rodrigues LC

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最近出现和重新出现的媒介传播病毒感染——寨卡病毒、基孔肯雅热、登革热、日本脑炎、西尼罗河病毒、黄热病等——引起了国际社会的关注。以寨卡病毒、基孔肯雅热和登革热为例,我们总结了目前对病毒特征及其传播、临床特征、实验室诊断、负担、历史、传播的可能原因以及对未来流行病的预期的了解。虫媒病毒通过蚊子传播,诊断困难,可能产生令人惊讶的临床并发症并造成严重负担。目前的情况很复杂,因为没有针对寨卡病毒和基孔肯雅热病毒的疫苗,也没有针对这三种虫媒病毒的特效治疗方法。矢量控制是目前唯一可用的综合解决方案,但这仍然是一个挑战,因为到目前为止这还不是很有效。在我们开发出控制蚊子数量的新技术之前,我们生活的全球化和城市化世界仍将容易受到连续虫媒病毒流行的威胁。
The recent emergence and re-emergence of viral infections transmitted by vectors—Zika, chikungunya, dengue, Japanese encephalitis, West Nile, yellow fever and others—is a cause for international concern. Using as examples Zika, chikungunya and dengue, we summarise current knowledge on characteristics of the viruses and their transmission, clinical features, laboratory diagnosis, burden, history, possible causes of the spread and the expectation for future epidemics. Arboviruses are transmitted by mosquitoes, are of difficult diagnosis, can have surprising clinical complications and cause severe burden. The current situation is complex, because there is no vaccine for Zika and chikungunya and no specific treatment for the three arboviruses. Vector control is the only comprehensive solution available now and this remains a challenge because up to now this has not been very effective. Until we develop new technologies of control mosquito populations, the globalised and urbanised world we live in will remain vulnerable to the threat of successive arbovirus epidemics.
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