Mapping causal links between prefrontal cortical regions and intra-individual behavioral variability.
Mapping causal links between prefrontal cortical regions and intra-individual behavioral variability.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41467-023-44341-5
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发表时间：
2024-01-02
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Tanaka, Keiji
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mansouri, Farshad Alizadeh;Buckley, Mark J.;Tanaka, Keiji
衰老或神经心理疾病会显着加剧个体内的行为变异性，但尚不清楚哪些大脑区域与这种变异性存在因果关系。我们检查了 21 只猕猴执行规则引导决策任务时的反应时间 (RT) 变异性。在前扣带皮层（ACC）或背外侧前额叶皮层有选择性双侧损伤的猴子中，认知灵活性受损，但 RT 变异性显着减少。额极皮层内或中背外侧前额叶皮层内的双侧病变对认知灵活性或 RT 变异性没有显着影响。在后扣带皮层有损伤的猴子中，RT 变异性显着增加，但认知灵活性没有任何缺陷。眶额皮质 (OFC) 病变的影响是独特的，因为它会导致认知灵活性缺陷和 RT 变异性显着增加。我们的研究结果表明，额叶皮质区域对行为变异的贡献存在显着的分离。他们认为，OFC 损伤的猴子中变异性的改变与评估和积累证据以指导规则指导决策的缺陷有关，而 ACC 损伤的猴子中，其变化是由于决策阈值的非适应性降低以及由此产生的不成熟的冲动反应造成的。个体内变异的神经基础尚不清楚。在这里，作者在猕猴中证明，前扣带皮层和背外侧前额叶皮层的损伤会降低反应时间的变异性，而后扣带皮层和眶额皮质的损伤会增加反应时间的变异性。
Intra-individual behavioral variability is significantly heightened by aging or neuropsychological disorders, however it is unknown which brain regions are causally linked to such variabilities. We examine response time (RT) variability in 21 macaque monkeys performing a rule-guided decision-making task. In monkeys with selective-bilateral lesions in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) or in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, cognitive flexibility is impaired, but the RT variability is significantly diminished. Bilateral lesions within the frontopolar cortex or within the mid-dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, has no significant effect on cognitive flexibility or RT variability. In monkeys with lesions in the posterior cingulate cortex, the RT variability significantly increases without any deficit in cognitive flexibility. The effect of lesions in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is unique in that it leads to deficits in cognitive flexibility and a significant increase in RT variability. Our findings indicate remarkable dissociations in contribution of frontal cortical regions to behavioral variability. They suggest that the altered variability in OFC-lesioned monkeys is related to deficits in assessing and accumulating evidence to inform a rule-guided decision, whereas in ACC-lesioned monkeys it results from a non-adaptive decrease in decision threshold and consequently immature impulsive responses. The neural substrates of intra-individual variability are not well understood. Here, the authors show in macaque monkeys that response time variability is decreased by lesions to the anterior cingulate cortex and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, while it is increased by lesions to the posterior cingulate cortex and orbitofrontal cortex.
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