Biodegradation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons by Bacillus subtilis BL-27, a Strain with Weak Hydrophobicity
Biodegradation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons by Bacillus subtilis BL-27, a Strain with Weak Hydrophobicity
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弱疏水性菌株枯草芽孢杆菌BL-27对石油烃的生物降解
DOI：
10.3390/molecules24173021
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发表时间：
2019-08
期刊：
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
李霜
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
王丹;林佳辉;林军章;汪卫东;李霜
石油烃的生物降解具有许多潜在的应用，近年来引起了广泛的关注。碳氢化合物降解菌BL-27是从石油污染的土壤中分离出来的，并与表面活性剂复合以提高生物降解性。其16S rDNA和rpoD基因序列表明它是一株枯草芽孢杆菌。菌株BL-27在较宽的温度（25-50°C）、pH（4.0-10.0）和盐度（0-50 g/L NaCl）范围内具有广泛的适应性和降解性。在最佳条件下（45 °C、pH 7.0、1% NaCl），使用 GC-MS 分析，该菌株能够在 5 天内降解 65% 的原油（0.3%，w/v）。值得注意的是，菌株BL-27的细胞表面疏水性较弱。以蔗糖为碳源时，BL-27对正十六烷的粘附率为29.6％，以柴油（0.3％，w/v）为唯一碳源时，BL-27对正十六烷的粘附率为29.6％，这表明BL-27的细胞表面相对亲水。该菌株对浓度为 500 mg/L 的 SDS、吐温 80、表面活性素和鼠李糖脂具有耐受性。随着表面活性剂的添加，细胞表面疏水性进一步降低，而化学分散剂SDS（50-100 mg/L）和Tween 80（200-500 mg/L）显着提高了菌株的生物降解能力，达到75-80%。这些结果表明BL-27具有用于碳氢化合物污染物生物修复的潜力，并在石化工业中具有广阔的应用前景。
The biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons has many potential applications and has attracted much attention recently. The hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium BL-27 was isolated from petroleum-polluted soil and was compounded with surfactants to improve biodegradation. Its 16S rDNA and rpoD gene sequences indicated that it was a strain of Bacillus subtilis. Strain BL-27 had extensive adaptability and degradability within a broad range of temperatures (25–50 °C), pH (4.0–10.0) and salinity (0–50 g/L NaCl). Under optimal conditions (45 °C, pH 7.0, 1% NaCl), the strain was able to degrade 65% of crude oil (0.3%, w/v) within 5 days using GC-MS analysis. Notably, strain BL-27 had weak cell surface hydrophobicity. The adherence rate of BL-27 to n-hexadecane was 29.6% with sucrose as carbon source and slightly increased to 33.5% with diesel oil (0.3%, w/v) as the sole carbon source, indicating that the cell surface of BL-27 is relatively hydrophilic. The strain was tolerant to SDS, Tween 80, surfactin, and rhamnolipids at a concentration of 500 mg/L. The cell surface hydrophobicity reduced more with the addition of surfactants, while the chemical dispersants, SDS (50–100 mg/L) and Tween 80 (200–500 mg/L), significantly increased the strain’s ability to biodegrade, reaching 75–80%. These results indicated that BL-27 has the potential to be used for the bioremediation of hydrocarbon pollutants and could have promising applications in the petrochemical industry.
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