The critical role of autophagy in plant responses to abiotic stresses

The critical role of autophagy in plant responses to abiotic stresses
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自噬在植物应对非生物胁迫中的关键作用

DOI:
10.15302/j-fase-2017130
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发表时间:
2017-03
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Jingquan YU
Jingquan YU
中科院分区:
农林科学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Yu WANG;Jie ZHOU;Jingquan YU

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在真核生物中,自噬是一种进化保守的循环过程,细胞内的成分被自噬小体吞噬,随后被转移到液泡中进一步降解和重复使用。在酵母和后生动物等生物中,自噬在环境扰动期间通过降解变性的蛋白质和细胞器或通过与胁迫相关的信号分子相互作用而活跃地进行。过去十年的研究也揭示了许多重要的机制,其中自噬广泛地参与植物的非生物胁迫反应。自噬是营养物质再动员的关键途径,通过降解多余或受损的细胞质和细胞器。据报道,它还可以调节活性氧的积累,在胁迫条件下维持植物细胞的氧化还原平衡。此外,自噬通过去除聚集和/或变性的蛋白质来调节细胞毒性,从而提高植物的逆境耐受性。本文综述了近年来有关自噬的研究进展,以及影响植物生长发育的多种途径和调控网络,以响应营养饥饿、氧化胁迫、渗透胁迫和极端温度。
Autophagy is an evolutionary conserved recycling process in eukaryotes whereby intracellular components are engulfed by autophagosomes, which are subsequently transferred to the vacuoles for further degradation and reuse. In organisms like yeast and metazoans, autophagy is actively engaged during environmental perturbation either by degrading denatured proteins and organelles or by interfacing with stress related signaling molecules. Studies over the last decade have also revealed numerous important mechanisms where autophagy is widely involved in plant abiotic stress responses. Autophagy serves as a pivotal route for nutrient remobilization by the degradation of superfluous or damaged cellular cytoplasmic material and organelles. It is also reported to regulate the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, to maintain the cellular redox balance of plants under stressful conditions. Furthermore, autophagy is essential in regulating cellular toxicity by removing aggregated and/or denatured proteins and thereby improving plant stress tolerance. In this review, recent advances in our understanding of autophagy, along with pathways and regulatory networks through which it influences many aspects of plant growth and development in response to nutrient starvation, oxidative stress, osmotic stress and extreme temperatures are discussed.
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