Adherence to EAT-Lancet dietary recommendations for health and sustainability in the Gambia.
Adherence to EAT-Lancet dietary recommendations for health and sustainability in the Gambia.
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DOI：
10.1088/1748-9326/ac9326
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发表时间：
2022-10-01
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影响因子：
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促进饮食改变对于改善人口健康、提高粮食系统的弹性和最大限度地减少对环境的不利影响至关重要，但迄今为止缺乏对当前“现状”的评估和对改进瓶颈的识别。我们评估了冈比亚饮食与 EAT-Lancet 健康和可持续饮食指南的偏差，并确定了改善营养和地球健康的杠杆点。我们分析了 2015/2016 年冈比亚综合家庭调查数据集，其中包括 12 713 个家庭的食品消费数据。将不同食物组的消耗量与 EAT-Lancet 参考饮食目标进行比较，以评估与指南的偏差。我们根据不同食物组与 EAT-Lancet 建议的偏差计算了“可持续健康饮食指数 (SHDI)”，并使用多变量混合效应回归对在该指数上取得较高分数的家庭的社会经济和地理决定因素进行了建模。冈比亚的平均饮食对 EAT-Lancet 建议的遵守率非常低。饮食以精制谷物为主，添加的糖含量超过了建议值。水果、蔬菜、坚果、乳制品、家禽、牛肉和羊肉等营养重要的食物组的 SHDI 得分较低。与较高 SHDI 分数相关的家庭特征包括：女性户主家庭、家庭规模相对较小、户主受过教育、财富指数较高以及居住在城市住区。此外，报告的旱季饮食和作物生产多样性较高的家庭对目标的遵守程度有所提高。虽然冈比亚的平均饮食中含有较少量的具有有害环境足迹的食物类别，但健康食物类别也不足，而且糖含量较高。通过专注于用全谷物替代精制谷物、减少糖分以及增加水果和蔬菜的消费，我们有机会在不增加环境足迹的情况下改善饮食。
Facilitating dietary change is pivotal to improving population health, increasing food system resilience, and minimizing adverse impacts on the environment, but assessment of the current ‘status-quo’ and identification of bottlenecks for improvement has been lacking to date. We assessed deviation of the Gambian diet from the EAT-Lancet guidelines for healthy and sustainable diets and identified leverage points to improve nutritional and planetary health. We analysed the 2015/16 Gambian Integrated Household Survey dataset comprising food consumption data from 12 713 households. Consumption of different food groups was compared against the EAT-Lancet reference diet targets to assess deviation from the guidelines. We computed a ‘sustainable and healthy diet index (SHDI)’ based on deviation of different food groups from the EAT-Lancet recommendations and modelled the socio-economic and geographic determinants of households that achieved higher scores on this index, using multivariable mixed effects regression. The average Gambian diet had very low adherence to EAT-Lancet recommendations. The diet was dominated by refined grains and added sugars which exceeded the recommendations. SHDI scores for nutritionally important food groups such as fruits, vegetables, nuts, dairy, poultry, and beef and lamb were low. Household characteristics associated with higher SHDI scores included: being a female-headed household, having a relatively small household size, having a schooled head of the household, having a high wealth index, and residing in an urban settlement. Furthermore, diets reported in the dry season and households with high crop production diversity showed increased adherence to the targets. While average Gambian diets include lower amounts of food groups with harmful environmental footprint, they are also inadequate in healthy food groups and are high in sugar. There are opportunities to improve diets without increasing their environmental footprint by focusing on the substitution of refined grains by wholegrains, reducing sugar and increasing fruit and vegetables consumption.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.gfs.2020.100462
发表时间：
2021-03
期刊：
Global food security
影响因子：
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3.9
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10.1016/j.gfs.2021.100498
发表时间：
2021-03
期刊：
Global food security
影响因子：
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