Trait anxiety and the neural efficiency of manipulation in working memory.
Trait anxiety and the neural efficiency of manipulation in working memory.
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DOI：
10.3758/s13415-012-0100-3
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发表时间：
2012-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Fiebach CJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Basten U;Stelzel C;Fiebach CJ
本研究探讨了在没有威胁相关刺激的情况下，特质焦虑对工作记忆成分功能(操纵与维持)神经效率的影响。对于工作记忆中情感中性言语信息的操作，高焦虑和低焦虑个体(N=46)在行为表现上没有差异，但特质焦虑与任务处理上的神经努力呈正相关，通过fMRI中大胆的信号变化来衡量。焦虑程度越高，与注意力目标控制相关的两个区域--右侧背外侧前额叶皮质(DLPFC)和左额下沟--的激活程度越高，而分配给大脑默认模式网络的区域--即吻侧-腹侧前扣带回皮质--的激活程度就越强。此外，焦虑与右侧DLPFC和腹外侧额叶皮质的功能耦合更强相关。我们将我们的发现解释为反映了高焦虑个体加工效率的降低，并指出在调查神经效率的个体差异时，除了区域激活强度的测量外，还需要考虑功能整合的测量。关于工作记忆的功能，我们得出的结论是，焦虑特别地损害了(要求控制的)操作过程的处理效率(而不仅仅是维持)。值得注意的是，这项研究有助于积累大量证据，表明在缺乏威胁相关刺激的情况下，焦虑也会影响认知过程。本文的在线版本(doi：10.3758/s13415-0120100-3)包含补充材料，授权用户可以使用。
The present study investigates the effects of trait anxiety on the neural efficiency of working memory component functions (manipulation vs. maintenance) in the absence of threat-related stimuli. For the manipulation of affectively neutral verbal information held in working memory, high- and low-anxious individuals (N = 46) did not differ in their behavioral performance, yet trait anxiety was positively related to the neural effort expended on task processing, as measured by BOLD signal changes in fMRI. Higher levels of anxiety were associated with stronger activation in two regions implicated in the goal-directed control of attention—that is, right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and left inferior frontal sulcus—and with stronger deactivation in a region assigned to the brain’s default-mode network—that is, rostral–ventral anterior cingulate cortex. Furthermore, anxiety was associated with a stronger functional coupling of right DLPFC with ventrolateral prefrontal cortex. We interpret our findings as reflecting reduced processing efficiency in high-anxious individuals and point out the need to consider measures of functional integration in addition to measures of regional activation strength when investigating individual differences in neural efficiency. With respect to the functions of working memory, we conclude that anxiety specifically impairs the processing efficiency of (control-demanding) manipulation processes (as opposed to mere maintenance). Notably, this study contributes to an accumulating body of evidence showing that anxiety also affects cognitive processing in the absence of threat-related stimuli. The online version of this article (doi:10.3758/s13415-012-0100-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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