Spectral/Fourier Domain Optical Coherence Tomography

Spectral/Fourier Domain Optical Coherence Tomography
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光谱/傅里叶域光学相干断层扫描

DOI:
10.1007/978-3-540-77550-8_5
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发表时间:
2008
期刊:
Antibiotics
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
J. Boer
J. Boer
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
J. Boer

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光学相干层析成像(OCT)是一种用于生物组织成像的低相干干涉方法[1,2]。在其问世十多年后,主要的实施方式一直是时域OCT(TD-OCT),其中快速扫描参考臂的长度。1995年报告了第一个频谱或傅立叶域OCT(SD/FD-OCT)实施[3]。在SD-OCT中,参考臂保持静止,并且通过迈克尔逊干涉仪的检测臂中的光谱分辨干涉条纹的傅立叶变换来获得深度信息。这种方法在信噪比(SNR)方面提供了显著的优势,尽管早在1998年就有报告[4,5],但OCT社区[6-8]已经花了大约五年的时间才完全认识到这一点。2002年首次演示了SD-OCT用于体内视网膜成像[9],随后通过视频速率体内视网膜成像[10]完全实现了灵敏度优势,包括高速3D体积成像[11]、超高分辨率视频速率成像[12,13]和人类视网膜中的多普勒血流测定[14,15]。SD-OCT的上级灵敏度加上不需要快速机械扫描机制,开辟了在不损失图像质量的情况下进行更快扫描的可能性,并提供了从点采样到体内生物组织体积映射的范式转变。该技术在眼科领域特别有前途[16,17]。在本章中,将详细讨论SD-OCT的原理和系统设计考虑。
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a low coherence interferometric method for imaging biological tissue [1,2]. More than a decade after its inception, the dominant implementation has been time domain OCT (TD-OCT), in which the length of a reference arm is rapidly scanned. The first spectral or Fourier domain OCT (SD/FD-OCT) implementation was reported in 1995 [3]. In SD-OCT, the reference arm is kept stationary, and the depth information is obtained by a Fourier transform of the spectrally resolved interference fringes in the detection arm of a Michelson interferometer. This approach has provided a significant advantage in signal to noise ratio (SNR), which, despite reports as early as 1998, [4, 5] has taken about half a decade to be recognized fully by the OCT community [6–8]. The first demonstration of SD-OCT for in vivo retinal imaging in 2002 [9] was followed by a full realization of the sensitivity advantage by video rate in vivo retinal imaging [10], including high-speed 3D volumetric imaging [11], ultra-high resolution video rate imaging [12, 13], and Doppler blood flow determination in the human retina [14, 15]. The superior sensitivity of SD-OCT combined with the lack of need for a fast mechanical scanning mechanism, has opened up the possibility of much faster scanning without loss of image quality and provided a paradigm shift from point sampling to volumetric mapping of biological tissue in vivo. The technology has been particularly promising for ophthalmology [16, 17]. In this chapter, the principles and system design considerations of SD-OCT will be discussed in detail.
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