Mass spectrometry imaging under ambient conditions.

Mass spectrometry imaging under ambient conditions.
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DOI:
10.1002/mas.21360
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发表时间:
2013-05
影响因子:
6.6
通讯作者:
Ifa, Demian R.
Ifa, Demian R.
中科院分区:
化学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wu, Chunping;Dill, Allison L.;Eberlin, Livia S.;Cooks, R. Graham;Ifa, Demian R.

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在过去的十年中,质谱学成像(MSI)已经成为一种重要的工具,它开始显示出在许多领域提供新信息的潜力,因为它具有获得分子特定图像和提供多路信息的独特能力,而不需要标记或染色。在MSI中,研究了存在于表面的分子的化学同一性作为空间分布的函数。除了现在的标准方法,包括在真空中的MSI,最近开发的环境电离技术允许在大气压下对质谱仪外未经处理的样品进行MSI。本文综述了解吸电喷雾电离(DESI)、激光烧蚀电喷雾电离(LAESI)、探针电喷雾电离(PESI)、解吸大气压光电离(DAPPI)、飞秒激光解吸电离(FS-LDI)、激光电喷雾质谱仪(LEMS)、红外激光烧蚀亚稳态诱导化学电离(IR-LAMICI)、液体微结表面采样探针质谱仪(LMJ-SSP MS)、纳米解吸电喷雾电离(Nano-Desi)、低温等离子体(LTP)探针和激光烧蚀至大气压流动耦合辉光(LA-FAPA)等等离子体源技术的最新进展和应用。讨论了环境MSI的一些特征,包括执行化学反应的能力,目的是提供感兴趣的特定化合物的高丰度离子特征,以及使用串联质谱学来绘制具有高专一性的目标分子的分布图,或在化合物的结构鉴定中提供额外的MS信息。我们还描述了生物信息学在获取和解释通过MSI获得的化学和空间信息方面的作用,特别是在用于组织诊断目的的生物学应用中。最后,我们讨论了环境MSI面临的挑战,并对该领域的未来进行了展望。
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has emerged as an important tool in the last decade and it is beginning to show potential to provide new information in many fields owing to its unique ability to acquire molecularly specific images and to provide multiplexed information, without the need for labeling or staining. In MSI, the chemical identity of molecules present on a surface is investigated as a function of spatial distribution. In addition to now standard methods involving MSI in vacuum, recently developed ambient ionization techniques allow MSI to be performed under atmospheric pressure on untreated samples outside the mass spectrometer. Here we review recent developments and applications of MSI emphasizing the ambient ionization techniques of desorption electrospray ionization (DESI), laser ablation electrospray ionization (LAESI), probe electrospray ionization (PESI), desorption atmospheric pressure photoionization (DAPPI), femtosecond laser desorption ionization (fs-LDI), laser electrospray mass spectrometry (LEMS), infrared laser ablation metastable-induced chemical ionization (IR-LAMICI), liquid microjunction surface sampling probe mass spectrometry (LMJ-SSP MS), nanospray desorption electrospray ionization (nano-DESI), and plasma sources such as the low temperature plasma (LTP) probe and laser ablation coupled to flowing atmospheric-pressure afterglow (LA-FAPA). Included are discussions of some of the features of ambient MSI including the ability to implement chemical reactions with the goal of providing high abundance ions characteristic of specific compounds of interest and the use of tandem mass spectrometry to either map the distribution of targeted molecules with high specificity or to provide additional MS information in the structural identification of compounds. We also describe the role of bioinformatics in acquiring and interpreting the chemical and spatial information obtained through MSI, especially in biological applications for tissue diagnostic purposes. Finally, we discuss the challenges in ambient MSI and include perspectives on the future of the field.
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