Transfer of multidrug-resistant bacteria between intermingled ecological niches: the interface between humans, animals and the environment.

Transfer of multidrug-resistant bacteria between intermingled ecological niches: the interface between humans, animals and the environment.
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DOI:
10.3390/ijerph10010278
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发表时间:
2013-01-14
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Matos AJ
Matos AJ
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
da Costa PM;Loureiro L;Matos AJ

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抗菌药物的使用被认为是微生物耐药性出现和传播的驱动力。然而,一些研究报告说,在暴露于低水平抗菌药物或甚至从未暴露的人群中存在多重耐药细菌。对于许多病原体,特别是那些通常在感染前无症状定植的生物体(例如肠球菌和大肠杆菌),只有考虑到使这些细菌及其携带的基因能够在不同生物群系之间传播的所有生物和环境途径,才能理解抗菌药物使用的选择性作用。这一生态框架为制定抗微生物药物使用政策提供了一个重要视角,正是因为它包含了这些问题的根本原因,而不仅仅是其后果。
The use of antimicrobial agents has been claimed to be the driving force for the emergence and spread of microbial resistance. However, several studies have reported the presence of multidrug-resistant bacteria in populations exposed to low levels of antimicrobial drugs or even never exposed. For many pathogens, especially those organisms for which asymptomatic colonization typically precedes infection (e.g., Enterococcus spp. and Escherichia coli), the selective effects of antimicrobial use can only be understood if we considerer all biological and environmental pathways which enable these bacteria, and the genes they carry, to spread between different biomes. This ecological framework provides an essential perspective for formulating antimicrobial use policies, precisely because it encompasses the root causes of these problems rather than merely their consequences.
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