Manipulating the soil microbiomes during a community recovery process with plant beneficial species for the suppression of Fusarium wilt of watermelon.
Manipulating the soil microbiomes during a community recovery process with plant beneficial species for the suppression of Fusarium wilt of watermelon.
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在群落恢复过程中利用植物有益物种控制土壤微生物组，以抑制西瓜枯萎病。
DOI：
10.1186/s13568-021-01225-5
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发表时间：
2021-06-12
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Shen Q
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang X;Xue C;Fang D;He X;Wei M;Zhuo C;Jin J;Shen B;Li R;Ling N;Shen Q
枯萎病是影响西瓜生产的毁灭性病害。采用棉隆土壤熏蒸配合生物有机肥防治棉花枯萎病。我们认为熏蒸可以抑制土壤土著群落，尤其是土传病原体，而生物有机肥的利用可以通过引入促进植物生长的微生物来促进土壤微生物组恢复到有益的抑制状态。温室盆栽试验表明，棉隆熏蒸后施用生物有机肥可有效地抑制病害的发生，防效达93.6%。熏蒸强烈降低土壤微生物多样性和改变相对类群丰度，这表明居民土壤微生物群落生态位释放的可能性。与其他处理相比，熏蒸后生物肥料改变了土壤微生物群落组成，导致芽孢杆菌（8.5%）和木霉（13.5%）等有益微生物类群的相对丰度较高，镰刀菌丰度较低。网络分析表明，土壤熏蒸减少了土壤微生物群落内的相互作用，节点和链接较少，而生物肥料的添加促进了节点之间的相互作用。此外，在熏蒸后添加生物肥料导致有益物种成为关键的网络连接器。总的来说，熏蒸似乎释放居民的土壤生态位，导致较低的多样性，而生物肥料添加引入的有益微生物定殖这些生态位，导致一个更复杂的社区，较少的病原体，抑制枯萎病的发病率。
Fusarium wilt is a devastating disease which impacts watermelon production. Soil fumigation using dazomet followed by biological organic fertilizer was applied to suppress the Fusarium wilt disease. We propose that fumigation suppresses the soil indigenous community, especially the soil-borne pathogens, while the utilization of bio-organic fertilizer facilitates the recovery of the soil microbiome to a beneficial, suppressive state through the introduction of plant growth-promoting microorganisms. Greenhouse experiment showed that applied biological organic fertilizer after dazomet fumigation effective restrain the disease incidence with a 93.6% disease control. Fumigation strongly decreased soil microbial diversity and altered relative taxa abundances, suggesting the possibility of niche release by the resident soil microbial community. Fumigation followed by bio-fertilizer transformed the soil microbial community composition and resulted in higher relative abundances of beneficial microbial groups such as Bacillus (8.5%) and Trichoderma (13.5%), coupled with lower Fusarium abundance compared to other treatments. Network analysis illustrated that soil fumigation decreased interactions within the soil microbial community with less nodes and links while bio-fertilizer addition promoted node interactions. In addition, bio-fertilizer addition after fumigation resulted in the beneficial species becoming the key network connectors. Collectively, fumigation appears to release the resident soil niche resulting in lower diversity while the beneficial microbes introduced by bio-fertilizer addition colonize these niches, leading to a more complex community with fewer pathogens that suppresses Fusarium wilt disease incidence.
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