Flexible spatial perspective-taking: conversational partners weigh multiple cues in collaborative tasks.
Flexible spatial perspective-taking: conversational partners weigh multiple cues in collaborative tasks.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnhum.2013.00618
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Avraamides MN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Galati A;Avraamides MN
空间视角采择的研究往往集中在孤立个体采用或维持想象视角时的认知过程。空间视角采择的合作研究通常考察说话者的语言选择，而忽略了他们潜在的过程和表征。我们回顾了两个合作实验的证据，这两个实验考察了社会和代表性线索对语言和空间记忆组织中的空间视角选择的贡献。在整个实验中，说话者根据各种线索的汇聚来组织他们的记忆表征。当布局是随机配置的，无法提供内在线索时，说话者会将对方的观点编码到内存中(如果有)，但不会将其用作组织方向。另一方面，当布局提供了内在结构时，说话者会根据布局结构强化的以人为中心的视角来组织他们的空间记忆。同样，在描述中，说话者考虑了多个线索，无论是先验线索还是互动线索。当合作伙伴的视点偏离较小的偏移量或与布局结构重合时，他们更频繁地使用以合作伙伴为中心的表达(例如，在您的右侧)。相反，当他们自己的观点与内在结构一致时，或者当伴侣因计算困难的倾斜偏移量而错位时，他们更频繁地使用自我中心的表达。基于这些发现，我们倡导一个灵活的视角选择框架：人们权衡多个线索(包括社会线索)，以对每个伴侣采取视角的相对难度进行归因，并调整行为以使他们的集体努力最小化。这个框架并不是专门针对空间推理的，而是来自于管理非空间任务中的观点采择的相同原则和依赖记忆的过程。
Research on spatial perspective-taking often focuses on the cognitive processes of isolated individuals as they adopt or maintain imagined perspectives. Collaborative studies of spatial perspective-taking typically examine speakers' linguistic choices, while overlooking their underlying processes and representations. We review evidence from two collaborative experiments that examine the contribution of social and representational cues to spatial perspective choices in both language and the organization of spatial memory. Across experiments, speakers organized their memory representations according to the convergence of various cues. When layouts were randomly configured and did not afford intrinsic cues, speakers encoded their partner's viewpoint in memory, if available, but did not use it as an organizing direction. On the other hand, when the layout afforded an intrinsic structure, speakers organized their spatial memories according to the person-centered perspective reinforced by the layout's structure. Similarly, in descriptions, speakers considered multiple cues whether available a priori or at the interaction. They used partner-centered expressions more frequently (e.g., “to your right”) when the partner's viewpoint was misaligned by a small offset or coincided with the layout's structure. Conversely, they used egocentric expressions more frequently when their own viewpoint coincided with the intrinsic structure or when the partner was misaligned by a computationally difficult, oblique offset. Based on these findings we advocate for a framework for flexible perspective-taking: people weigh multiple cues (including social ones) to make attributions about the relative difficulty of perspective-taking for each partner, and adapt behavior to minimize their collective effort. This framework is not specialized for spatial reasoning but instead emerges from the same principles and memory-depended processes that govern perspective-taking in non-spatial tasks.
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影响因子：
2.6
作者：
BROWN, PM;DELL, GS
通讯作者：
DELL, GS
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
CLARK, HH;WILKESGIBBS, D
通讯作者：
WILKESGIBBS, D
DOI：
10.1016/s0079-7421(10)53008-1
发表时间：
2010-01-01
期刊：
PSYCHOLOGY OF LEARNING AND MOTIVATION: ADVANCES IN RESEARCH AND THEORY, VOL 53
影响因子：
--
作者：
Brennan, Susan E.;Galati, Alexia;Kuhlen, Anna K.
通讯作者：
Kuhlen, Anna K.
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Galati, Alexia;Michael, Christina;Avraamides, Marios N.
通讯作者：
Avraamides, Marios N.
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
CARLSONRADVANSKY, LA;IRWIN, DE
通讯作者：
IRWIN, DE