More elaborate processing of own-race faces and less elaborate processing of other-race faces contribute to the other-race effect in face memory.
More elaborate processing of own-race faces and less elaborate processing of other-race faces contribute to the other-race effect in face memory.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/bjop.12581
复制
发表时间：
2022-11
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Curran, Tim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Herzmann, Grit;Ogle, Olivia;Curran, Tim
研究表明，本族面孔自然会以更精细的方式记忆（例如，一张脸或整个脸的许多特征）的方式，而其他种族的脸是以不太精细的方式记忆的（例如，仅面部的选定特征）的方式。在这里，我们测试了关于整个面部和单个面部特征的判断指令是否会调节面部记忆中的其他种族效应。白色受试者在记忆白色和黑色面孔以供日后识别的同时，执行整张脸和单一特征任务。编码指令对本种族的影响比其他种族的面孔更大。在全脸任务中，本族面孔表现出与先前观察到的自然记忆编码相当的事件相关电位（ERP）记忆编码模式，这表明本族面孔的编码更复杂。其他种族面孔的记忆编码的ERPs在任务条件之间是相似的，并且与先前观察到的自然编码模式相当，这表明编码自然不那么复杂。编码任务对与记忆提取相关的ERP没有影响，这可能是知觉任务的假象，它不会增强记忆中的语义细节。目前的研究结果表明，对其他种族效应的一些贡献是对自己种族面孔的更精细（更详细）的记忆编码和对其他种族面孔的不太精细（不太详细）的记忆编码。这项研究还提供了证据，通过任务指令，本族面孔比其他种族面孔更具可塑性，与其他种族效应的知觉学习理论的假设一致。
Research suggests that own‐race faces are naturally memorized in a more elaborate (e.g., many features of a face or the whole face) way, whereas other‐race faces are memorized in a less elaborate (e.g., only selected features of the face) manner. Here, we tested if instructions for judgements about the whole face and a single facial feature modulated the other‐race effect in face memory. White participants performed whole‐face and single‐feature tasks while memorizing White and Black faces for later recognition. Encoding instructions had a stronger impact on own‐race than other‐race faces. Whole‐face instructions increased the other‐race effect, whereas single‐feature instructions decreased it. Own‐race faces in the whole‐face task demonstrated event‐related potential (ERP) patterns of memory encoding comparable to previously observed natural memory encoding, suggesting naturally more elaborate encoding of own‐race faces. ERPs of memory encoding for other‐race faces were similar between task conditions and comparable to previously observed natural encoding patterns, suggesting naturally less elaborate encoding. No impact of the encoding tasks was found on ERPs related to memory retrieval, which may be an artefact of a perceptual task that does not enhance semantic details in memory. The current results indicate that some contributions to the other‐race effect are more elaborate (more detailed) memory encoding for own‐race faces and less elaborate (less detailed) memory encoding for other‐race faces. This study also provides evidence for more malleability of own‐race than other‐race faces through task instructions, consistent with assumptions of perceptual learning theories of the other‐race effect.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Baddeley, Alan D.;Hitch, Graham J.
通讯作者：
Hitch, Graham J.
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Herzmann, Grit;Willenbockel, Verena;Curran, Tim
通讯作者：
Curran, Tim
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Levin, DT
通讯作者：
Levin, DT
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Degutis J;Mercado RJ;Wilmer J;Rosenblatt A
通讯作者：
Rosenblatt A
DOI：
10.1016/s0022-5371(72)80001-x
发表时间：
1972-01-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF VERBAL LEARNING AND VERBAL BEHAVIOR
影响因子：
--
作者：
CRAIK, FIM;LOCKHART, RS
通讯作者：
LOCKHART, RS