Habitual chocolate consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease among healthy men and women.
Habitual chocolate consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease among healthy men and women.
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DOI：
10.1136/heartjnl-2014-307050
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发表时间：
2015-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Khaw KT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kwok CS;Boekholdt SM;Lentjes MA;Loke YK;Luben RN;Yeong JK;Wareham NJ;Myint PK;Khaw KT
这项研究的目的是检查巧克力摄入量与未来心血管事件风险之间的关系。我们使用欧洲癌症前瞻性研究（EPIC）-诺福克队列的数据进行了一项前瞻性研究。使用基线食物频率问卷（1993 - 1997）量化习惯性巧克力摄入量，并确定心血管终点，直至2008年3月。进行了一项系统评价，以评估巧克力消费和心血管结局。EPIC-Norfolk分析共纳入20，951名男性和女性（平均随访11.3 ± 2.8年，中位数11.9年）。在巧克力消费量最高和最低的五分之一中，冠心病（CHD）患者的比例分别为9.7%和13.8%，中风的比例分别为3.1%和5.4%。巧克力摄入量最高的五分之一人群（16 - 99克/天）与不摄入巧克力的人群相比，冠心病的多变量调整风险比（HR）为0.88（0.77 - 1.01）。脑卒中和心血管疾病（CVD定义为CHD和脑卒中之和）的相应HR分别为0.77（0.62 - 0.97）和0.86（0.76 - 0.97）。倾向评分匹配估计值显示出类似的趋势。共有9项研究（157，809例受试者）纳入荟萃分析。与较低的巧克力消费量相比，较高的巧克力消费量与显着降低的CHD风险相关（5项研究;汇总RR 0.71（0.56 - 0.92）），卒中（5项研究;汇总RR 0.79（0.70 - 0.87）），复合心血管不良结局（2项研究;汇总RR 0.75（0.54 - 1.05））和心血管死亡率（3项研究;汇总RR 0.55（0.36 - 0.83））。累积的证据表明，更多的巧克力摄入量与未来心血管事件的风险较低有关，尽管不能排除残余混杂因素。似乎没有任何证据表明，那些担心心血管风险的人应该避免巧克力。
The objective of this study is to examine the association between chocolate intake and the risk of future cardiovascular events. We conducted a prospective study using data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer (EPIC)-Norfolk cohort. Habitual chocolate intake was quantified using the baseline food frequency questionnaire (1993-1997) and cardiovascular end points were ascertained up to March 2008. A systematic review was performed to evaluate chocolate consumption and cardiovascular outcomes. A total of 20,951 men and women were included in EPIC-Norfolk analysis (mean follow-up 11.3±2.8 years, median 11.9 years). The percentage of participants with coronary heart disease (CHD) in the highest and lowest quintile of chocolate consumption was 9.7% and 13.8% and the respective rates for stroke were 3.1% and 5.4%. The multivariate-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for CHD was 0.88 (0.77-1.01) for those in the top quintile of chocolate consumption (16-99 g/day) versus non-consumers of chocolate intake. The corresponding HR for stroke and cardiovascular disease (CVD defined by the sum of CHD and stroke) were 0.77 (0.62-0.97) and 0.86 (0.76-0.97). The propensity score matched estimates showed a similar trend. A total of 9 studies with 157,809 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Higher compared to lower chocolate consumption was associated with significantly lower CHD risk (5 studies; pooled RR 0.71 (0.56-0.92)), stroke (5 studies; pooled RR 0.79 (0.70-0.87)), composite cardiovascular adverse outcome (2 studies; pooled RR 0.75 (0.54-1.05)) and cardiovascular mortality (3 studies; pooled RR 0.55 (0.36-0.83)). Cumulative evidence suggests that higher chocolate intake is associated with a lower risk of future cardiovascular events though residual confounding cannot be excluded.There does not appear to be any evidence to say that chocolate should be avoided in those who are concerned about cardiovascular risk.
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DOI：
10.1136/bmj.d4488
发表时间：
2011-08-26
期刊：
BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Buitrago-Lopez A;Sanderson J;Johnson L;Warnakula S;Wood A;Di Angelantonio E;Franco OH
通讯作者：
Franco OH
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Oba, Shino;Nagata, Chisato;Shimizu, Hiroyuki
通讯作者：
Shimizu, Hiroyuki
黄酮醇摄入量与冠心病风险：队列研究的荟萃分析
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Wang, Ze-Mu;Nie, Zhen-Lin;Yang, Zhi-Jian
通讯作者：
Yang, Zhi-Jian
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
BINGHAM, SA;GILL, C;DAY, NE
通讯作者：
DAY, NE
影响因子：
39.3
作者：
Buijsse, Brian;Weikert, Cornelia;Boeing, Heiner
通讯作者：
Boeing, Heiner