Sex differences in itch perception and modulation by distraction--an FMRI pilot study in healthy volunteers.
Sex differences in itch perception and modulation by distraction--an FMRI pilot study in healthy volunteers.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0079123
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Pfleiderer B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stumpf A;Burgmer M;Schneider G;Heuft G;Schmelz M;Phan NQ;Ständer S;Pfleiderer B
尽管瘙痒是许多疾病的常见综合征，但对瘙痒的性别差异，特别是中枢瘙痒感知和调节方面的差异知之甚少。据我们所知，这是第一个功能磁共振成像研究检查性别差异的看法和它的调制分心。在33名健康志愿者（17名女性，16名男性）中，通过微透析纤维在左前臂两次和左小腿两次应用组胺（0.1 mM）诱导实验性瘙痒。脑激活模式进行了评估fMRI在瘙痒和分心（Stroop任务）。在不同的条件下，受试者被要求对瘙痒强度、抓挠欲望和疼痛强度进行评级。在第二个实验中，33名志愿者中的10名被用盐水溶液代替组胺，作为“Stroop”条件的对照。在整个实验过程中，与男性相比，女性在瘙痒期间通常表现出更高的瘙痒强度。更具体的分析显示，在实验诱导的瘙痒期间，女性的瘙痒强度和抓挠欲望更高，当瘙痒之后是“Stroop”时，可以通过在小腿处分散注意力来减少。相比之下，男性描述了前臂“Stroop”的“瘙痒”显着减少。女性描绘了更高的大脑激活的结构负责整合的感觉，情感信息和运动整合/规划在'痒'和'Stroop'条件相比，男性。在生理盐水对照条件下未观察到性别差异。女性和男性表现出局部依赖性差异，在他们的瘙痒感知与女性提出更高的瘙痒强度和愿望，以抓。我们的研究结果与临床观察结果平行，与男性相比，女性报告更高的瘙痒强度取决于瘙痒定位和遭受更多的瘙痒。
Even though itch is a common syndrome of many diseases there is only little knowledge about sex and gender differences in pruritus, especially in central itch perception and modulation. To our knowledge, this is the first fMRI study examining sex differences in perception and its modulation by distraction. Experimental itch was induced by application of histamine (0.1 mM) via microdialysis fibers twice at the left forearm and twice at the left lower leg in 33 healthy volunteers (17 females, 16 males). The brain activation patterns were assessed by fMRI during itch without and with distraction (Stroop task). Between the various conditions, subjects were asked to rate itch intensity, desire to scratch and pain intensity. In a second experiment in 10 of the 33 volunteers histamine was replaced by saline solution to serve as control for the ‘Stroop’ condition. Women generally presented higher itch intensities compared to men during itch over the course of the experiment. A more specific analysis revealed higher itch intensities and desire to scratch in women during experimental induced itch that can be reduced by distraction at the lower legs when itch is followed by ‘Stroop’. In contrast, men depicted significant reduction of ‘itch’ by ‘Stroop’ at the forearms. Women depicted higher brain activation of structures responsible for integration of sensory, affective information and motor integration/planning during ‘itch’ and ‘Stroop’ condition when compared to men. No sex differences were seen in the saline control condition. Women and men exhibited localisation dependent differences in their itch perception with women presenting higher itch intensities and desire to scratch. Our findings parallel clinical observations of women reporting higher itch intensities depending on itch localisation and suffering more from itch as compared to men.
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