National Opinions on Death Penalty Punishment for the Boston Marathon Bomber Before vs. After Sentencing.
National Opinions on Death Penalty Punishment for the Boston Marathon Bomber Before vs. After Sentencing.
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全国对波士顿马拉松爆炸案凶手死刑判决前与判决后的看法。
DOI：
10.1037/law0000244
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发表时间：
2020-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Silver RC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Thompson RR;Garfin DR;Holman EA;Silver RC
人类寻求内在思想与外部世界的一致性。因此，当法律当局做出决定时，人们很可能会接受并服从这些决定，以便与他们所生活的社会保持一致。很少有研究在实际环境中探讨这些偏见。我们在一个自然的准实验中考察了焦哈尔·察尔纳耶夫（Dzhokhar Tsarnaev，波士顿马拉松爆炸案凶手）的判决与美国人对他的惩罚的看法之间的关系。我们预计，对Tsarnaev的判决将以符合合法化文献的方式，与对其死刑判决的更多支持联系在一起。在2015年4月29日至6月26日期间，对具有代表性的美国国家样本（N=3,341，总回复率78.13%）进行了调查。我们评估了对Tsarnaev的判决（即他是否应该被判处死刑）、政党、人口统计和心理指标的看法；81.77%的样本在Tsarnaev被判刑前完成了调查，18.23%的样本在Tsarnaev被判刑后完成了调查。多元logistic回归分析表明，在Tsarnaev被判处死刑后完成调查的人比在判决前完成调查的人更有可能支持死刑判决（OR=1.48, p= 0.007； 95%置信区间[1.11,1.96]）。在调整了重要的协变量后，这些结果仍然显著，包括男性性别、白人种族、新教-基督教宗教信仰、波士顿居住、对公正世界的信仰和共和党政党认同。这个准实验的结果表明，人们会调整自己的观点，使之与既成事实保持一致，尤其是在结果广为人知的情况下。
Humans seek consistency between their internal thoughts and the outside world. Thus, when legal authorities make decisions, people are likely to accept and obey these decisions in order to remain consistent with the societies in which they live. Few studies have explored these biases in an applied context. We examined the relationship between the sentencing of Dzhokhar Tsarnaev (the Boston Marathon bomber) and Americans’ opinions about his punishment in a natural quasi-experiment. We expected that Tsarnaev’s sentencing would be associated with increased support for his death penalty sentence, in a manner consistent with the legitimization literature. A survey of a representative U.S. national sample (N=3,341; 78.13% total response rate) was conducted between April 29 and June 26, 2015. We assessed views about Tsarnaev’s sentencing (i.e., whether he should receive the death penalty), political party, demographics, and psychological indicators; 81.77% of our sample completed the survey prior to Tsarnaev’s sentencing and 18.23% completed the survey afterwards. Multiple logistic regression analyses indicated that those who completed the survey after Tsarnaev was sentenced to death were more likely to support a death penalty sentence than were those who took the survey prior to the sentencing (OR=1.48, p=.007; 95% confidence [1.11, 1.96]). These results remained significant after adjusting for significant covariates, including male gender, White race, Protestant-Christian religious affiliation, Boston residency, beliefs in a just world, and Republican political party identification. Results of this quasi-experiment suggest that people adjust their opinions to be consistent with the fait accompli, particularly once the outcome is widely known.
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影响因子：
5
作者：
LOHMANN, S
通讯作者：
LOHMANN, S
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Kay, AC;Jost, JT
通讯作者：
Jost, JT
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
JOST, JT;BANAJI, MR
通讯作者：
BANAJI, MR
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1316265110
发表时间：
2014-01-07
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Holman, E. Alison;Garfin, Dana Rose;Silver, Roxane Cohen
通讯作者：
Silver, Roxane Cohen
DOI：
10.1037/h0046408
发表时间：
1955-01-01
期刊：
JOUR ABNORMAL AND SOCIAL PSYCHOL
影响因子：
--
作者：
DEUTSCH, MORTON;GERARD, HAROLD B.
通讯作者：
GERARD, HAROLD B.