Characteristics of Human and Microbiome RNA Profiles in Saliva.

Characteristics of Human and Microbiome RNA Profiles in Saliva.
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DOI:
10.1080/15476286.2023.2229596
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发表时间:
2023-01
期刊:
影响因子:
4.1
通讯作者:
Wang, Xiaowei
Wang, Xiaowei
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Tong, Fangjia;Tang, Gongyu;Wang, Xiaowei

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唾液是一种方便的非侵入性液体活检来源,用于监测人类健康和诊断疾病。特别是,唾液中的细胞外小泡(EV)可能揭示与全身健康相关的临床信息。最近的研究表明,唾液中的RNA可以作为疾病诊断的生物标志物。然而,目前还没有用于分析唾液EV中RNA的标准方案,也没有明确的指导方针来选择唾液部分进行生物标记物分析。为了解决这些问题,我们建立了一种从分离的唾液中提取小RNA的可靠方案。用这种方法,我们对10名健康志愿者的唾液四个组分,包括无细胞唾液(CFS)、EV-D唾液(EV-D)、外切体(EXO)和微囊泡(MV)进行了全面的小RNA测序。通过比较这些组分总RNA的表达谱,我们发现MV在微生物组RNA中最富集(平均占总阅读数的76.2%),而EV-D在人RNA中显著富含(平均占总阅读数的70.3%)。与EV组分(EXO和MV,P < 0.05)相比,CFs和EV-D均富含snoRNA和tRNA。有趣的是,EXO和MV具有高度相关的各种非编码RNA的表达谱,如miRNA、tRNA和yRNA。我们的研究揭示了不同唾液组分中循环RNA的独特特征,这为制备唾液样本以研究感兴趣的特定RNA生物标志物提供了指导。
Saliva is a convenient non-invasive source of liquid biopsy to monitor human health and diagnose diseases. In particular, extracellular vesicles (EVs) in saliva can potentially reveal clinically relevant information for systemic health. Recent studies have shown that RNA in saliva EVs could be exploited as biomarkers for disease diagnosis. However, there is no standardized protocol for profiling RNA in saliva EV nor clear guideline on selecting saliva fractions for biomarker analysis. To address these issues, we established a robust protocol for small RNA profiling from fractionated saliva. With this method, we performed comprehensive small RNA sequencing of four saliva fractions, including cell-free saliva (CFS), EV-depleted saliva (EV-D), exosome (EXO), and microvesicle (MV) from ten healthy volunteers. By comparing the expression profiles of total RNA from these fractions, we found that MV was most enriched in microbiome RNA (76.2% of total reads on average), whereas EV-D was notably enriched in human RNA (70.3% of total reads on average). As for human RNA composition, CFS and EV-D were both enriched in snoRNA and tRNA compared with the two EV fractions (EXO and MV, P < 0.05). Interestingly, EXO and MV had highly correlated expression profiles for various noncoding RNAs such as miRNA, tRNA, and yRNA. Our study revealed unique characteristics of circulating RNAs in various saliva fractions, which provides a guideline on preparing saliva samples to study specific RNA biomarkers of interest.
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