Double Moral Hazard and Risk-Sharing in Construction Projects

Double Moral Hazard and Risk-Sharing in Construction Projects
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建设项目中的双重道德风险与风险分担

DOI:
10.1109/tem.2019.2938261
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发表时间:
2021-12
影响因子:
5.8
通讯作者:
Kiyoshi Kobayashi
Kiyoshi Kobayashi
中科院分区:
管理学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lei Shi;Yujia He;Masamitsu Onishi;Kiyoshi Kobayashi

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建筑项目充满了风险,业主和承包商都应该分担风险。委托代理理论已被证明是设计最佳风险分担规则的一个有影响力的理论工具,并为承包商提供了适当的激励措施,以提高项目效率。根据委托代理理论,如果承包商是风险中性的,那么让承包商承担所有风险是最优的。然而,本文认为,这种理论模型可能会导致一个偏颇的激励结构。为了论证这一点,本文分析了建设项目中业主与风险中性承包商之间风险分担的必要性。考虑到业主和承包商各自的规划努力在成本超支风险方面应该是不可验证和相互补充的情况,我们发现,要么双重道德风险(即,双方都采取机会主义策略),或者如果承包商承担全部成本超支风险,则会发生承包商无效率地违约。因此,一个最优的风险分担策略,在协调双方选择有效的策略,发挥着重要的作用。
Construction projects are riddled with risks that should be shared by both owners and contractors alike. The principal-agent theory has proven to be an influential theoretical apparatus in designing optimal risk-sharing rules and provides contractors with proper incentives to improve project efficiencies. According to the principal-agent theory, it is optimal to let the contractor assume all of the risk if it is risk-neutral. However, this article argues that this theoretical model may lead to a biased incentive structure. To demonstrate this point, this article analyzes the necessity of risk-sharing between the owner and risk-neutral contractor in construction projects. Taking into account cases where the respective planning efforts of the owner and contractor are supposed to be unverifiable and mutually complementary in terms of cost overrun risk, we find that either double moral hazard (i.e., both parties take opportunistic strategies) or inefficient breach of contract by the contractor occurs if the contractor assumes the entire cost overrun risk. An optimal risk-sharing strategy, therefore, plays an important role in coordinating both parties to choose efficient strategies.
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