Microarray: a global analysis of biomineralization-related gene expression profiles during larval development in the pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata.
Microarray: a global analysis of biomineralization-related gene expression profiles during larval development in the pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata.
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微阵列：珠母贝幼体发育过程中生物矿化相关基因表达谱的整体分析
DOI：
10.1186/s12864-015-1524-2
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发表时间：
2015-04-19
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Zhang R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu J;Yang D;Liu S;Li S;Xu G;Zheng G;Xie L;Zhang R
软体动物fucata Pinctada是研究生物矿化机制的重要珍珠养殖生物。几种生物矿化相关基因在调节贝壳形成中起重要作用，但大多数先前的工作只关注它们在成年牡蛎中的功能。很少有研究调查了幼虫发育过程中的生物矿化，当壳最初在溶壳中构建和形成直到幼年阶段。在此，我们首次报道了基于微阵列的富卡塔藻幼虫发育过程中的全局基因分析，并揭示了生物矿化相关基因与壳形成过程之间的关系。基于fucata地幔转录组，共合成58,940个探针（60 nt），代表58,623个转录本。利用微阵列技术分析了受精卵、trochophore、d形、卵圆形幼虫和幼鱼的基因表达谱。生物矿化相关基因在壳形成过程中的表达模式与其调控功能相对应。基质蛋白几丁质合成酶和PFMG2在d形期高表达，而PFMG6、PFMG8和PfN23在脐状期显著上调，表明它们在膜、Prodissoconch I和Prodissoconch II壳的形成中起着不同的调节作用。然而，大多数基质蛋白在幼鱼时期高水平表达，成年时外壳由文石珍珠层和钙化棱柱层组成。我们还发现了5个在幼鱼中显著上调的新基因。与大多数基质蛋白一样，这些基因特别在地幔中表达，并编码具有串联重复单元的分泌蛋白。RNAi敲低导致珍珠状和棱柱状壳层被破坏，表明它们在壳形成中的潜在作用。我们的研究结果为富卡塔藻幼虫基因的表达模式提供了一个全局视角，并提出了生物矿化相关基因如何调节幼虫壳形成过程的机制。这些结果增加了对生物矿化相关基因的了解，并突出了壳形成机制的新方面。
The molluscan Pinctada fucata is an important pearl-culturing organism to study biomineralization mechanisms. Several biomineralization-related genes play important roles regulating shell formation, but most previous work has focused only on their functions in adult oysters. Few studies have investigated biomineralization during larval development, when the shell is initially constructed and formed until the juvenile stage in dissoconch shells. Here, we report, for the first time, a global gene analysis during larval development of P. fucata based on a microarray and reveal the relationships between biomineralization-related genes and the shell formation process. Based on the P. fucata mantle transcriptome, 58,940 probes (60 nt), representing 58,623 transcripts, were synthesized. The gene expression profiles of the fertilized egg, trochophore, D-shaped, and umbonal stage larvae, as well as juveniles were analyzed by microarray performance. The expression patterns of the biomineralization-related genes changed corresponding to their regulatory function during shell formation. Matrix proteins chitin synthase and PFMG2 were highly expressed at the D-shaped stage, whereas PFMG6、PFMG8 and PfN23 were significantly up-regulated at the umbonal stage, indicating different roles regulating the formation of either periostracum, Prodissoconch I or Prodissoconch II shells. However, the majority of matrix proteins were expressed at high levels at the juvenile stage, and the shells comprised both an aragonitic nacreous layer and a calcitic prismatic layer as adults. We also identified five new genes that were significantly up-regulated in juveniles. These genes were expressed particularly in the mantle and coded for secreted proteins with tandem-arranged repeat units, as most matrix proteins. RNAi knockdown resulted in disrupted nacreous and prismatic shell layers, indicating their potential roles in shell formation. Our results add a global perspective on larval expression patterns of P. fucata genes and propose a mechanism of how biomineralization-related genes regulate the larval shell formation process. These results increase knowledge about biomineralization-related genes and highlight new aspects of shell formation mechanisms.
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