Development and plasticity of the primary visual cortex.
Development and plasticity of the primary visual cortex.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuron.2012.06.009
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发表时间：
2012-07-26
期刊：
影响因子：
16.2
通讯作者：
Stryker MP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Espinosa JS;Stryker MP
胡贝尔和威塞尔开始了初级视觉皮质(V1)发育和可塑性的现代研究，发现了皮质神经元的反应特性，这些特性将它们与它们的输入区分开来，并以功能结构排列。他们的发现揭示了早期先天发育阶段和后来戏剧性的经验依赖可塑性的关键时期。最近的研究使用啮齿动物来受益于生物化学和遗传学。自发的神经活动和分子信号在先天的、经验无关的发育中的作用已经被阐明，视觉经验的后来的作用也是如此。由单眼视觉剥夺(MD)产生的可塑性被分成不同的信号机制，其中一些分子是已知的。许多关键问题仍然存在，但现在已经有了新的工具来扰乱皮质细胞，并在已识别神经元之间连接的变化水平上测量可塑性。V1在阐明皮质发育和可塑性方面的研究前景是光明的。
Hubel and Wiesel began the modern study of development and plasticity of primary visual cortex (V1), discovering response properties of cortical neurons that distinguished them from their inputs and that were arranged in a functional architecture. Their findings revealed an early innate period of development and a later critical period of dramatic experience-dependent plasticity. Recent studies have used rodents to benefit from biochemistry and genetics. The roles of spontaneous neural activity and molecular signaling in innate, experience-independent development have been clarified, as have the later roles of visual experience. Plasticity produced by monocular visual deprivation (MD) has been dissected into stages governed by distinct signaling mechanisms, some of whose molecular players are known. Many crucial questions remain, but new tools for perturbing cortical cells and measuring plasticity at the level of changes in connections among identified neurons now exist. The future for the study of V1 to illuminate cortical development and plasticity is bright.
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