Domestic pigs (Sus scrofa) engage in non-random post-conflict affiliation with third parties: cognitive and functional implications.
Domestic pigs (Sus scrofa) engage in non-random post-conflict affiliation with third parties: cognitive and functional implications.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10071-022-01688-4
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发表时间：
2023-03
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
在社会性哺乳动物中，冲突解决涉及在攻击事件（和解）或冲突后与第三方的三方接触后，以前的对手（攻击者和受害者）的团聚，由对手（主动邀请-TSC）或第三方自发提供（主动邀请-TUC）。这些冲突后策略可以发挥不同的功能，包括安慰（特别是当TUC减少受害者的焦虑时）。我们调查了可能存在的和调制因素，这种策略的半自由放养猪（猪; N = 104），住在道德农场Parva Domus（Cavagnolo，意大利）。亲属关系是已知的。存在和解，主要发生在弱相关猪之间，以可能改善耐受性同居。三重接触（除攻击性TSC外均存在）主要发生在近亲之间。由受害者制定的TSC既没有减少他们的冲突后焦虑行为，也没有减少前一个侵略者的进一步攻击，可能是因为TSC在很大程度上仍然是没有回报的。对侵略者的TUC并没有减少侵略者冲突后的焦虑，但限制了侵略转向第三方。TUC对受害者减少了受害者，但不是第三方的焦虑。然而，TUC也可以通过使近亲受益来向第三方提供包容性的健身福利。总之，猪参与了非随机的主动/非主动的三元接触，这表明猪可能具有社会情绪调节能力，可以改变自己或他人的经验和社会评价的要素，这是检测相关他人的情绪唤起所必需的，并且（在TUCs的情况下）采取该机构来恢复稳态。在线版本包含补充材料，可通过10.1007/s10071-022-01688-4获得。
In social mammals, conflict resolution involves the reunion of former opponents (aggressor and victim) after an aggressive event (reconciliation) or post-conflict triadic contacts with a third party, started by either opponent (solicited-TSC) or spontaneously offered by the third party (unsolicited-TUC). These post-conflict strategies can serve different functions, including consolation (specifically when TUCs reduce the victim’s anxiety). We investigated the possible presence and modulating factors of such strategies on semi-free ranging pigs (Sus scrofa; N = 104), housed at the ethical farm Parva Domus (Cavagnolo, Italy). Kinship was known. Reconciliation was present and mainly occurred between weakly related pigs to possibly improve tolerant cohabitation. Triadic contacts (all present except aggressor TSCs) mostly occurred between close kin. TSCs enacted by victims reduced neither their post-conflict anxiety behaviors nor further attacks by the previous aggressor, possibly because TSCs remained largely unreciprocated. TUCs towards aggressors did not reduce aggressor post-conflict anxiety but limited aggression redirection towards third parties. TUCs towards the victim reduced the victim but not the third-party’s anxiety. However, TUCs may also provide inclusive fitness benefits to third parties by benefiting close kin. In sum, pigs engaged in non-random solicited/unsolicited triadic contacts, which suggests that pigs might possess socio-emotional regulation abilities to change their own or others’ experience and elements of social appraisal, necessary to detect the emotional arousal of relevant others and (in case of TUCs) take the agency to restore homeostasis. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10071-022-01688-4.
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影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Camerlink, Irene;Coulange, Estelle;Turner, Simon P.
通讯作者：
Turner, Simon P.
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Andersen, IL;Nævdal, E;Boe, KE
通讯作者：
Boe, KE
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Caratti, Stefano;Rossi, Luca;Robino, Carlo
通讯作者：
Robino, Carlo
伊比利亚自由放养猪的群体组成和栖息地的性别差异。
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Dalmau A;Martínez-Macipe M;Manteca X;Mainau E
通讯作者：
Mainau E
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Camerlink, I.;Turner, S. P.
通讯作者：
Turner, S. P.