Exogenous Application of Low-Concentration Sugar Enhances Brassinosteroid Signaling for Skotomorphogenesis by Promoting BIN2 Degradation.
Exogenous Application of Low-Concentration Sugar Enhances Brassinosteroid Signaling for Skotomorphogenesis by Promoting BIN2 Degradation.
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外源应用低浓度糖通过促进 BIN2 降解增强油菜素类固醇信号暗形态发生
DOI：
10.3390/ijms222413588
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发表时间：
2021-12-18
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Chen S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sheng H;Zhang S;Wei Y;Chen S
在植物中，幼苗的生长受到多种环境因素和内源植物激素的微妙控制。众所周知，糖和油菜素类固醇 (BR) 信号之间的相互作用可以调节植物生长。然而，植物中协调激素依赖性生长反应与外源蔗糖的分子机制尚不完全清楚。暗形态发生是下胚轴快速伸长的植物生长阶段。在本研究中，我们发现低浓度糖可以以依赖于 BR 生物合成和 TOR 激活的方式改善暗形态发生。然而，bzr1-1D突变体植物中BZR1的积累部分挽救了TOR抑制剂AZD诱导的暗形态发生缺陷，并且这些黄化幼苗在响应蔗糖和非蔗糖处理时表现出与野生型幼苗相似的正常表型，从而表明积累的BZR1至少部分地维持了蔗糖促进黄化幼苗的生长（暗形态发生）。此外，基于 bin2-3bil1bil2 三重突变体和功能获得性 bin2-1 突变体植物的表型分析的遗传证据表明，BIN2 失活有利于黑暗中的暗形态发生。随后的生化和分子分析使我们能够确认蔗糖通过 TOR-S6K2 途径降低黄化幼苗中的 BIN2 水平。结合纤维素含量的测定，我们的结果表明，蔗糖诱导的BIN2降解导致BZR1的积累和纤维素合成的增强，从而促进暗形态发生，并且BIN2是整合糖和BR信号传导的汇聚节点。
In plants, seedling growth is subtly controlled by multiple environmental factors and endogenous phytohormones. The cross-talk between sugars and brassinosteroid (BR) signaling is known to regulate plant growth; however, the molecular mechanisms that coordinate hormone-dependent growth responses with exogenous sucrose in plants are incompletely understood. Skotomorphogenesis is a plant growth stage with rapid elongation of the hypocotyls. In the present study, we found that low-concentration sugars could improve skotomorphogenesis in a manner dependent on BR biosynthesis and TOR activation. However, accumulation of BZR1 in bzr1-1D mutant plants partially rescued the defects of skotomorphogenesis induced by the TOR inhibitor AZD, and these etiolated seedlings displayed a normal phenotype like that of wild-type seedlings in response to both sucrose and non-sucrose treatments, thereby indicating that accumulated BZR1 sustained, at least partially, the sucrose-promoted growth of etiolated seedlings (skotomorphogenesis). Moreover, genetic evidence based on a phenotypic analysis of bin2-3bil1bil2 triple-mutant and gain-of-function bin2–1 mutant plant indicated that BIN2 inactivation was conducive to skotomorphogenesis in the dark. Subsequent biochemical and molecular analyses enabled us to confirm that sucrose reduced BIN2 levels via the TOR–S6K2 pathway in etiolated seedlings. Combined with a determination of the cellulose content, our results indicated that sucrose-induced BIN2 degradation led to the accumulation of BZR1 and the enhancement of cellulose synthesis, thereby promoting skotomorphogenesis, and that BIN2 is the converging node that integrates sugar and BR signaling.
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9.5
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