Physiological characterization and regulation of the contractile properties of the mosquito ventral diverticulum (crop).
Physiological characterization and regulation of the contractile properties of the mosquito ventral diverticulum (crop).
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jinsphys.2017.10.012
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发表时间：
2017-11
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Piermarini PM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Calkins TL;DeLaat A;Piermarini PM
在成年双翅目昆虫（苍蝇）中，嗉囊是食道的憩室，作为食物储存器官。作物将储存的内容物泵入消化道进行消化和吸收。泵送是由作物肌肉组织的蠕动收缩介导的。在成年雌蚊中，嗉囊（腹侧憩室）选择性地储存糖溶液（如花蜜）；含蛋白质的血粉绕过作物，直接转移到中肠消化。调控作物收缩的机制从未在蚊子身上进行过研究。在这里，我们提供了蚊子作物收缩特性的第一个生理特征，并探讨了调节作物收缩的机制。通过体外生物测定，我们发现分离的作物在林格溶液中自发收缩至少1小时，其收缩依赖于细胞外Ca2+。在细胞外液中加入5-羟色胺（5-羟色胺，5- ht）或环磷酸腺苷（cAMP）的膜渗透性类似物增加了作物收缩的频率。另一方面，加入苄索氯胺（BzCl；一种模仿肌肉抑制素作用的化学物质）、H-89或rp - camp（蛋白激酶a的抑制剂，PKA）或卡贝诺洛酮（间隙连接的抑制剂）可以减少未受刺激的、自发的和/或5- ht刺激的作物收缩的频率。添加aedeskinin III没有明显改变作物收缩率。除了间隙连接的药理学证据外，我们还证明了该作物表达了几种编码间隙连接蛋白（即内联蛋白）的mrna。此外，我们还将肠连蛋白2和肠连蛋白3的免疫反应性分别定位于作物的肌肉细胞和上皮细胞。我们的研究结果1)表明5-羟色胺和肌抑制素对蚊子作物的收缩活性有相反的调节作用；2)为cAMP、PKA和间隙连接在调节双翅目作物收缩活性中的作用提供了第一个证据。
In adult dipteran insects (flies), the crop is a diverticulum of the esophagus that serves as a food storage organ. The crop pumps stored contents into the alimentary canal for digestion and absorption. The pumping is mediated by peristaltic contractions of the crop musculature. In adult female mosquitoes, the crop (ventral diverticulum) selectively stores sugar solutions (e.g., nectar); proteinaceous blood meals by-pass the crop and are transferred directly to the midgut for digestion. The mechanisms that regulate crop contractions have never been investigated in mosquitoes. Here we provide the first physiological characterization of the contractile properties of the mosquito crop and explore the mechanisms that regulate crop contractions. Using an in vitro bioassay we found that the isolated crop spontaneously contracts in Ringer solution for at least 1 hour and its contractions are dependent on extracellular Ca2+. Adding serotonin (5- hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) or a membrane-permeable analog of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) to the extracellular bath increased the frequency of crop contractions. On the other hand, adding benzethonium chloride (BzCl; a chemical that mimics the effects of myosuppressins), H-89 or Rp-cAMPS (inhibitors of protein kinase A, PKA), or carbenoxolone (an inhibitor of gap junctions) reduced the frequency of the unstimulated, spontaneous and/or 5-HT-stimulated crop contractions. Adding aedeskinin III did not detectably alter crop contraction rates. In addition to pharmacological evidence of gap junctions, we demonstrated that the crop expressed several mRNAs encoding gap junctional proteins (i.e. innexins). Furthermore, we localized immunoreactivity for innexin 2 and innexin 3 to muscle and epithelial cells of the crop, respectively. Our results 1) suggest that 5-HT and myosupressins oppositely regulate contractile activity of the mosquito crop, and 2) provide the first evidence for putative roles of cAMP, PKA, and gap junctions in modulating contractile activity of the dipteran crop.
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影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Beyenbach, Klaus W.;Baumgart, Sabine;Zhang, Sheng
通讯作者：
Zhang, Sheng
影响因子：
3
作者：
Duttlinger, A;Berry, K;Nichols, R
通讯作者：
Nichols, R
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Kaminski, S;Orlowski, E;Nichols, R
通讯作者：
Nichols, R
DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2010.04.039
发表时间：
2010-06-08
期刊：
Current biology : CB
影响因子：
--
作者：
Al-Anzi B;Armand E;Nagamei P;Olszewski M;Sapin V;Waters C;Zinn K;Wyman RJ;Benzer S
通讯作者：
Benzer S
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Lee, GH;Park, JH
通讯作者：
Park, JH