The leucokinin pathway and its neurons regulate meal size in Drosophila.
The leucokinin pathway and its neurons regulate meal size in Drosophila.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2010.04.039
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发表时间：
2010-06-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Benzer S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Al-Anzi B;Armand E;Nagamei P;Olszewski M;Sapin V;Waters C;Zinn K;Wyman RJ;Benzer S
总摄取量是进餐量和进餐频率的函数，对这些参数的调整可以使动物在不断变化的环境条件下保持稳定的能量平衡。调节食物大小的生理机制已经在苍蝇中研究过，但在果蝇中还没有研究过。在这里，我们发现白细胞介素神经肽（leuc）和白细胞介素受体（lkr）基因的突变导致成年果蝇的进食量增加和进食频率代偿性减少的表型。由于突变果蝇食量更大，但食量更少，因此它们的热量摄入与野生型果蝇相同。leuc和lkr基因的表达模式确定了调节这种行为的一小群大脑神经元。在大脑和腹侧神经节的Lkr神经元附近发现含有亮氨酸的突触前终末，表明它们向这些神经元传递亮氨酸肽。Lkr神经元支配前肠。切除Leuc或Lkr神经元的果蝇，其缺陷与白细胞分裂素途径突变体相同。我们的数据表明，leuc和lkr突变体的膳食量增加是由于膳食终止缺陷，可能是由于肠道扩张信号与大脑的沟通受损引起的。白细胞介素和白细胞介素受体与脊椎动物的速激肽及其受体是同源的，注射速激肽可以减少食物消耗。我们的研究结果表明，快速激肽系统在调节食物摄入方面的作用可能在昆虫和脊椎动物之间进化上是保守的。
Total food intake is a function of meal size and meal frequency, and adjustments to these parameters allow animals to maintain a stable energy balance in changing environmental conditions. The physiological mechanisms that regulate meal size have been studied in blowflies, but have not been previously examined in Drosophila. Here we show that mutations in the leucokinin neuropeptide (leuc) and leucokinin receptor (lkr) genes cause phenotypes in which Drosophila adults have an increase in meal size and a compensatory reduction in meal frequency. Since mutant flies take larger but fewer meals, their caloric intake is the same as that of wild-type flies. The expression patterns of the leuc and lkr genes identify small groups of brain neurons that regulate this behavior. Leuc-containing presynaptic terminals are found close to Lkr neurons in the brain and ventral ganglia, suggesting that they deliver Leuc peptide to these neurons. Lkr neurons innervate the foregut. Flies in which Leuc or Lkr neurons are ablated have defects identical to those of leucokinin pathway mutants. Our data suggest that the increase in meal size in leuc and lkr mutants is due to a meal termination defect, perhaps arising from impaired communication of gut distension signals to the brain. Leucokinin and the leucokinin receptor are homologous to vertebrate tachykinin and its receptor, and injection of tachykinins reduces food consumption. Our results suggest that the roles of the tachykinin system in regulating food intake might be evolutionarily conserved between insects and vertebrates.
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影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Melcher C;Pankratz MJ
通讯作者：
Pankratz MJ
DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.1991.tb33120.x
发表时间：
1991-09-30
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
KALRA, SP;SAHU, A;KALRA, PS
通讯作者：
KALRA, PS
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0702726104
发表时间：
2007-05-15
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Ja, William W.;Carvalho, Gil B.;Benzer, Seymour
通讯作者：
Benzer, Seymour
影响因子：
16.2
作者：
Marella, S;Fischler, W;Scott, K
通讯作者：
Scott, K
影响因子：
16.2
作者：
Al-Anzi, Bader;Sapin, Viveca;Waters, Christopher;Zinn, Kai;Wyman, Robert J.;Benzer, Seymour
通讯作者：
Benzer, Seymour