Dissociable impact of childhood trauma and deployment trauma on affective modulation of startle.
Dissociable impact of childhood trauma and deployment trauma on affective modulation of startle.
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儿童创伤和部署创伤对惊吓的情感调节的可分离影响。
DOI：
10.1016/j.ynstr.2021.100362
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发表时间：
2021-11
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Risbrough VB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stout DM;Powell S;Kangavary A;Acheson DT;Nievergelt CM;Kash T;Simmons AN;Baker DG;Risbrough VB
创伤障碍通常与厌恶预期的改变和情绪/恐惧回路的中断有关。成年期对负面线索的预期反应增强或减弱可能是由于发育过程中不同的创伤暴露，而童年时期的创伤暴露也可能改变成年期后续创伤的影响。本研究的目的是研究童年创伤对成年期（战斗部署）创伤暴露前后惊吓情绪调节的影响。来自海洋恢复力研究的成年男性参与者（n = 1145）和没有（n = 1312）报告的童年创伤史完成了惊吓任务的情感调节，以评估厌恶预期。情感性惊吓反应是通过肌电记录眼轮匝肌在预期积极和消极情感图像时对声刺激的反应来操作的。对情感图像的惊吓反应也进行了评估。测试在三个时间点上进行；在参加为期7个月的战斗部署之前以及从部署返回后的3到6个月。在所有三个测试期间，预期负面图像时的惊吓反应比预期愉快图像时的惊吓反应更大。在所有3个时间点上，当预期负面图像时，童年创伤始终与显著减弱的惊吓相关，这表明童年创伤对厌恶预期的可靠影响。相反，与部署前相比，部署创伤与部署后惊吓反应性增加有关，这与童年创伤和图像效价无关。这些结果支持了一种假设，即在发育和成年期间的创伤暴露可能对厌恶预期和唤醒机制有可解离的影响。需要对女性和更精细的年龄组进行进一步研究，以测试这些差异影响的普遍性，并确定潜在的发展窗口。当预期负面和愉快的图像时，惊吓反应更大。童年创伤史与迟钝的厌恶预期有关。最近的部署创伤与惊吓反应增加有关。一生中的创伤可能对情感性惊吓产生可分离的影响。
Trauma disorders are often associated with alterations in aversive anticipation and disruptions in emotion/fear circuits. Heightened or blunted anticipatory responding to negative cues in adulthood may be due to differential trauma exposure during development, and previous trauma exposure in childhood may also modify effects of subsequent trauma in adulthood. The aim of the current investigation was to examine the contributions of childhood trauma on affective modulation of startle before and after trauma exposure in adulthood (a combat deployment). Adult male participants from the Marine Resilience Study with (n = 1145) and without (n = 1312) a history of reported childhood trauma completed an affective modulation of startle task to assess aversive anticipation. Affective startle response was operationalized by electromyography (EMG) recording of the orbicularis oculi muscle in response to acoustic stimuli when anticipating positive and negative affective images. Startle responses to affective images were also assessed. Testing occurred over three time-points; before going on a 7 month combat deployment and 3 and 6 months after returning from deployment. Startle response when anticipating negative images was greater compared to pleasant images across all three test periods. Across all 3 time points, childhood trauma was consistently associated with significantly blunted startle when anticipating negative images, suggesting reliable effects of childhood trauma on aversive anticipation. Conversely, deployment trauma was associated with increased startle reactivity post-deployment compared to pre-deployment, which was independent of childhood trauma and image valence. These results support the hypothesis that trauma exposure during development vs. adulthood may have dissociable effects on aversive anticipation and arousal mechanisms. Further study in women and across more refined age groups is needed to test generalizability and identify potential developmental windows for these differential effects. Startle response was greater when anticipating negative versus pleasant images. History of childhood trauma is associated with blunted aversive anticipation. Recent deployment trauma is associated with an increased startle response. Trauma across the lifespan may have dissociable effects on affective startle.
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影响因子：
6.6
作者：
Acheson, Dean T.;Eyler, Lisa T.;Risbrough, Victoria B.
通讯作者：
Risbrough, Victoria B.
DOI：
10.1007/7854_2014_346
发表时间：
2014-01-01
期刊：
ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY AND PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY IN PSYCHIATRY AND PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
Acheson, D. T.;Geyer, M. A.;Risbrough, V. B.
通讯作者：
Risbrough, V. B.
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Bannbers, Elin;Kask, Kristiina;Poromaa, Inger Sundstrom
通讯作者：
Poromaa, Inger Sundstrom
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Bernstein, DP;Stein, JA;Zule, W
通讯作者：
Zule, W
影响因子：
14.6
作者：
Afifi, Tracie O.;MacMillan, Harriet L.;Sareen, Jitender
通讯作者：
Sareen, Jitender