Cognitive deficits specific to depression-prone smokers during abstinence.
Cognitive deficits specific to depression-prone smokers during abstinence.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1037/a0037072
复制
发表时间：
2014-08
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Audrain-McGovern, Janet
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ashare, Rebecca;Strasser, Andrew A.;Wileyto, E. Paul;Cuevas, Jocelyn;Audrain-McGovern, Janet
吸烟与抑郁症状的患病率较高有关，抑郁症状升高的个体更难戒烟。抑郁症伴随着认知缺陷，类似于尼古丁戒断期间观察到的认知缺陷。抑郁的吸烟者可能会吸烟来减轻这些认知症状，这些症状在戒烟后会加重。我们假设，与没有抑郁症病史或当前症状的吸烟者（DP-; n = 34）相比，整夜戒烟后，抑郁倾向吸烟者（DP+;过去病史和当前抑郁症状; n = 34）将表现出短期和工作记忆的缺陷，并对情感刺激产生更大的注意力偏差。所有参与者都经历了两次实验室会议，一次是在吸烟禁欲时，一次是在吸烟自由时（顺序平衡，禁欲生化验证）。吸烟者完成了短期记忆（STM;单词识别任务）、工作记忆（N-back任务）和注意力偏差（情绪Stroop任务）的测量。与吸烟相比，DP+组在戒烟期间STM下降，而DP−组则没有（相互作用p = .02）。在禁欲期间，工作记忆准确性略有下降（p = 0.05），但这与抑郁状态无关。在情绪Stroop任务，DP+组表现出注意力偏向积极与中性刺激相比，戒烟（交互p = .01）。这项研究提供了初步的证据表明，抑郁症状可能会缓和禁欲引起的短时记忆缺陷，并在禁欲期间将注意力偏向于情感上显著的刺激。这些认知变化可能会促使复发，并可能有助于确定尼古丁依赖治疗的新目标，旨在减轻这些缺陷，以提高戒烟率。
Cigarette smoking is associated with a higher prevalence of depressive symptoms and individuals with elevated symptoms of depression have more difficulty quitting smoking. Depression is accompanied by cognitive deficits similar to those observed during nicotine withdrawal. Depressed smokers may smoke to alleviate these cognitive symptoms, which are exacerbated upon smoking abstinence. We hypothesized that following overnight abstinence, depression-prone smokers (DP+; past history and current depression symptoms; n = 34) would exhibit deficits in short-term and working memory, and experience greater attentional bias for affective stimuli, compared with smokers with no history or current symptoms of depression (DP−; n = 34). All participants underwent two laboratory sessions, once while smoking abstinent and once while smoking ad libitum (order counterbalanced, abstinence biochemically verified). Smokers completed measures of short-term memory (STM; word recognition task), working memory (N-back task), and attentional bias (Emotional Stroop task). The DP+ group showed declines in STM during abstinence compared with smoking, whereas the DP− group did not (interaction p = .02). There were small decrements in working memory accuracy during abstinence (p = .05), but this did not interact with depression status. During the Emotional Stroop task, the DP+ group showed an attentional bias toward positive versus neutral stimuli during abstinence compared with smoking (interaction p = .01). This study provides initial evidence that depressive symptoms may moderate abstinence-induced deficits in STM and shift attentional bias toward emotionally salient stimuli during abstinence. These cognitive changes may prompt relapse and may help identify novel targets for nicotine dependence treatment aimed at attenuating these deficits to improve cessation rates.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Ginsberg, Dorothy;Hall, Sharon M.;Munoz, Ricardo F.
通讯作者：
Munoz, Ricardo F.
影响因子：
10.6
作者：
Hakamata, Yuko;Lissek, Shmuel;Bar-Haim, Yair;Britton, Jennifer C.;Fox, Nathan A.;Leibenluft, Ellen;Ernst, Monique;Pine, Daniel S.
通讯作者：
Pine, Daniel S.
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Falcone M;Wileyto EP;Ruparel K;Gerraty RT;LaPrate L;Detre JA;Gur R;Loughead J;Lerman C
通讯作者：
Lerman C
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Foland-Ross LC;Gotlib IH
通讯作者：
Gotlib IH
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Beard C;Sawyer AT;Hofmann SG
通讯作者：
Hofmann SG