Waiting to exhale.
Waiting to exhale.
复制标题
等待呼气。
DOI：
10.1164/rccm.200710-1604ed
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发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
24.7
通讯作者：
Powell,CharlesAndrew
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Powell,CharlesAndrew
超过75%的新肺癌诊断是在患有远处或区域转移性疾病的患者中（1）。早期诊断仍然是一个难以实现的目标。由于对低特异性和过度诊断的担忧，对计算机断层扫描（CT）和荧光支气管镜成像的热情降低（2，3）。血液蛋白质组复杂性带来的挑战缓和了对血液标本蛋白质组分析的热情（4）;标本采集的困难降低了痰液分析的实用性。与其他生物标本相比，呼出气冷凝液（EBC）的采集和处理简单，可从所有个体获得。在以前的一项研究中，Carpagnano及其同事报告说，与从没有肺癌的吸烟者获得的EBC相比，在非小细胞肺癌患者的EBC DNA中更频繁地检测到代表染色体3 p上四个位点的微卫星改变（5）。微卫星是分散在整个基因组中的短的、多态的、串联重复DNA序列。在肺癌等疾病状态下，它们易发生等位基因丢失（杂合性丢失[洛]）和微卫星长度变化（微卫星不稳定性[MI]）（6，7）。洛和MI对肺癌不是特异性的，因为它们在没有癌症的吸烟者的气道上皮中是可检测的（8），但是综合这些报告和其他报告表明，肺或血液中洛的存在可能是与肺癌风险相关的香烟致癌物暴露的分子剂量计（8）。337-341），Carpagnano和同事们扩展了他们以前的发现，现在询问EBC中的微卫星改变是否与来自相同个体的肺组织中的微卫星改变相似（9）。使用与先前研究相同的染色体3 p微卫星引物，他们检查了从41名非小细胞肺癌患者和18名非恶性肺病患者中获得的EBC，肺组织和白色血细胞DNA的变化。这一分析提出了三个重要结果。首先，该研究证实，癌症患者EBC中微卫星改变的患病率高于对照组。第二，微卫星改变似乎更普遍的重度吸烟者相比，其他吸烟者，虽然这种分析可能会混淆疾病和分类偏见。第三，文章中的表3显示了惊人的发现，在每种情况下，EBC中的微卫星改变与肺组织中检测到的微卫星改变相匹配。
Over 75% of new lung cancer diagnoses are in patients who present with distant or regional metastatic disease (1). Early diagnosis remains an elusive goal. Enthusiasm for imaging by computed tomography (CT) scan and by fluorescent bronchoscopy is lowered by concerns of low specificity and overdiagnosis (2, 3). Enthusiasm for proteomic analysis of blood specimens is tempered by challenges presented by blood proteome complexity (4); and the utility of sputum analysis is diminished by difficulties in specimen acquisition. Compared with other biological specimens, exhaled breath condensate (EBC) is simple to collect and process and is available from all individuals. In a previous study, Carpagnano and colleagues reported that microsatellite alterations representing four loci on chromosome 3p were detected more frequently in the EBC DNA of patients with non–small cell lung cancer compared with EBC acquired from smokers without lung cancer (5). Microsatellites are short, polymorphic, tandem repeat DNA sequences that are dispersed throughout the genome. They are subject to allelic loss (loss of heterozygosity [LOH]) and to changes of microsatellite length (microsatellite instability [MI]) in disease states such as lung cancer (6, 7). LOH and MI are not specific for lung cancer since they are detectable in the airway epithelium of smokers without cancer (8), but taken together these reports and others suggest that the presence of LOH in the lung or blood may be a molecular dosimeter of cigarette carcinogen exposure that correlates with lung cancer risk (8).In this issue of the Journal (pp. 337–341), Carpagnano and colleagues extend their previous findings to now ask if microsatellite alterations in EBC are similar to those in lung tissue from the same individuals (9). Using the same chromosomal 3p microsatellite primers as in the prior study, they examined alterations in EBC, lung tissue, and white blood cell DNA acquired from 41 patients with non–small cell lung cancer and from 18 patients with nonmalignant lung diseases. This analysis presents three important results. First, the study confirms that the prevalence of microsatellite alterations in EBC of patients with cancer is higher than in control subjects. Second, microsatellite alterations appear to be more prevalent in heavy smokers compared with other smokers, although this analysis may be confounded by disease and by classification bias. Third, Table 3 in the article shows the striking finding that, in each instance, microsatellite alterations in EBC matched those detected in lung tissue.
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鼠巨细胞病毒感染的发病机制：巨噬细胞作为巨细胞病毒感染、复制和潜伏的允许细胞。
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
A. Brautigam;F. Dutko;L. Olding;M. Oldstone
通讯作者：
M. Oldstone
DOI：
10.1099/0022-1317-33-2-267
发表时间：
1976
期刊：
The Journal of general virology
影响因子：
--
作者：
L. Olding;D. Kingsbury;M. Oldstone
通讯作者：
M. Oldstone
鼠唾液和前列腺外植体培养物和细胞中潜伏巨细胞病毒的检测
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
K. S. Cheung;D. Lang
通讯作者：
D. Lang
潜伏鼠巨细胞病毒感染的激活：共培养、细胞转移和免疫抑制的作用。
DOI：
10.1093/infdis/138.6.890
发表时间：
1978
期刊：
The Journal of infectious diseases
影响因子：
--
作者：
D. Mayo;J. Armstrong;M. Ho
通讯作者：
M. Ho
小鼠模型心脏移植后的原发性巨细胞病毒感染。
影响因子：
6.2
作者：
Rubin,RH;Wilson,EJ;Barrett,LV;Medearis,DN
通讯作者：
Medearis,DN