The Multilingual Lexicon: The Cognitive and Neural Basis of Lexical Comprehension and Production in Two or More Languages
The Multilingual Lexicon: The Cognitive and Neural Basis of Lexical Comprehension and Production in Two or More Languages
复制标题
多语言词典：两种或多种语言的词汇理解和产生的认知和神经基础
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
E. Rossi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Kroll;J. Gullifer;E. Rossi
最近的研究表明，当双语者或多语者阅读书面文字，听口语，或计划他们打算只用一种语言说话时，他们所知道的所有语言的信息都是暂时活跃的。这种激活产生了跨语言的竞争，这种竞争有时会收敛以促进表现，有时会分散以产生表现成本。跨语言的平行激活的存在已经被记录在理解中，在单词识别的研究中，也在产生中，在词汇言语规划的研究中。两种或两种以上语言中的一种不能随意关闭的观察结果在生产中特别令人惊讶，在生产中，表达思想的意图应该由概念驱动的过程来指导。同样，在理解中，最近的研究表明，将单词放在一种语言的句子背景中不足以将处理限制在该语言中。因此，目前对多语言词汇的研究重点是理解语言非选择性的基础，考虑使用中的语言最终是如何被选择的，并确定词汇系统受不使用的语言影响的认知后果。在这篇文章中，我们回顾了最近的认知和神经证据对这些问题的每一个，特别考虑的问题是如何的证据本身的性质形状的组织和访问的词汇在个人谁说一种以上的语言得出的结论。
Recent studies have shown that when bilinguals or multilinguals read written words, listen to spoken words, or plan words that they intend to speak in one language alone, information in all of the languages that they know is momentarily active. That activation produces cross-language competition that sometimes converges to facilitate performance and sometimes diverges to create costs to performance. The presence of parallel activation across languages has been documented in comprehension, in studies of word recognition, and also in production, in studies of lexical speech planning. The observation that one of the two or more languages cannot be switched off at will is particularly surprising in production, where the intention to express a thought should be guided by conceptually driven processes. Likewise, in comprehension, recent studies show that placing words in sentence context in one language alone is insufficient to restrict processing to that language. The focus of current research on the multilingual lexicon is therefore to understand the basis of language nonselectivity, to consider how the language in use is ultimately selected, and to identify the cognitive consequences of having a lexical system that is open to influence by the languages not in use. In this article, we review the recent cognitive and neural evidence on each of these issues, with special consideration to the question of how the nature of the evidence itself shapes the conclusions drawn about the organization and access to the lexicon in individuals who speak more than one language.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
24.8
作者：
Kutas M;Federmeier KD
通讯作者：
Federmeier KD
双语演讲中的语言选择：抑制过程的证据
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Kroll, Judith F.;Bobb, Susan C.;Guo, Taomei
通讯作者：
Guo, Taomei
DOI：
10.1037/a0014981
发表时间：
2009-05
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Gollan, Tamar H.;Ferreira, Victor S.
通讯作者：
Ferreira, Victor S.
DOI：
10.1037/0278-7393.32.5.1075
发表时间：
2006-09-01
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Finkbeiner, Matthew;Almeida, Jorge;Caramazza, Alfonso
通讯作者：
Caramazza, Alfonso
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Misra, Maya;Guo, Taomei;Bobb, Susan C.;Kroll, Judith F.
通讯作者：
Kroll, Judith F.