Elevated glutamatergic compounds in pregenual anterior cingulate in pediatric autism spectrum disorder demonstrated by 1H MRS and 1H MRSI.
Elevated glutamatergic compounds in pregenual anterior cingulate in pediatric autism spectrum disorder demonstrated by 1H MRS and 1H MRSI.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0038786
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Levitt JG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bejjani A;O'Neill J;Kim JA;Frew AJ;Yee VW;Ly R;Kitchen C;Salamon N;McCracken JT;Toga AW;Alger JR;Levitt JG
最近对自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的研究引起了人们对前扣带皮层和神经代谢物谷氨酸的兴趣。我们报道了两项关于儿科ASD的前扣带皮层（pACC）的研究。首先，我们获得了8名ASD儿童和10名正常发育对照组的体内单体素质子磁共振波谱（1H MRS），这些儿童年龄匹配良好，但男性较少，智商较高。在pACC中线ASD组中，我们发现谷氨酸+谷氨酰胺（Glx）平均升高17.7% (p<0.05)，肌酸+磷酸肌酸（Cr）平均下降21.2% （p<0.001）。然后，我们使用质子磁共振波谱成像（1H MRSI）对年龄、性别和智商匹配的样本进行了更大的随访研究（26名ASD患者，16名对照组）。更高的空间分辨率使双边pACC采集成为可能。显著影响仅限于右pACC， ASD样本中Glx （9.5%, p<0.05）、Cr （6.7%, p<0.05）和n -乙酰-天冬氨酸+ n -乙酰-天冬氨酸-谷氨酸（10.2%,p<0.01）高于对照组。这两项独立研究提示ASD患者的pACC存在谷氨酸亢进和其他神经代谢异常，可能伴有右偏侧。高谷氨酸能状态可能反映了最近ASD神经发育模型中提出的大脑兴奋超过抑制的不平衡。
Recent research in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has aroused interest in anterior cingulate cortex and in the neurometabolite glutamate. We report two studies of pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pACC) in pediatric ASD. First, we acquired in vivo single-voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) in 8 children with ASD and 10 typically developing controls who were well matched for age, but with fewer males and higher IQ. In the ASD group in midline pACC, we found mean 17.7% elevation of glutamate + glutamine (Glx) (p<0.05) and 21.2% (p<0.001) decrement in creatine + phosphocreatine (Cr). We then performed a larger (26 subjects with ASD, 16 controls) follow-up study in samples now matched for age, gender, and IQ using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (1H MRSI). Higher spatial resolution enabled bilateral pACC acquisition. Significant effects were restricted to right pACC where Glx (9.5%, p<0.05), Cr (6.7%, p<0.05), and N-acetyl-aspartate + N-acetyl-aspartyl-glutamate (10.2%, p<0.01) in the ASD sample were elevated above control. These two independent studies suggest hyperglutamatergia and other neurometabolic abnormalities in pACC in ASD, with possible right-lateralization. The hyperglutamatergic state may reflect an imbalance of excitation over inhibition in the brain as proposed in recent neurodevelopmental models of ASD.
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影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Bernardi S;Anagnostou E;Shen J;Kolevzon A;Buxbaum JD;Hollander E;Hof PR;Fan J
通讯作者：
Fan J
DOI：
10.1176/appi.ajp.2009.08121894
发表时间：
2009-08
期刊：
The American journal of psychiatry
影响因子：
--
作者：
Di Martino A;Shehzad Z;Kelly C;Roy AK;Gee DG;Uddin LQ;Gotimer K;Klein DF;Castellanos FX;Milham MP
通讯作者：
Milham MP
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Bonilha, Leonardo;Cendes, Fernando;Steiner, Carlos E.
通讯作者：
Steiner, Carlos E.
影响因子：
9.9
作者：
Casanova, MF;Buxhoeveden, DP;Roy, E
通讯作者：
Roy, E
影响因子：
9.9
作者：
Aylward, EH;Minshew, NJ;Singh, N
通讯作者：
Singh, N