Identification of Arabidopsis meiotic cyclins reveals functional diversification among plant cyclin genes.
Identification of Arabidopsis meiotic cyclins reveals functional diversification among plant cyclin genes.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pgen.1003508
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发表时间：
2013-05
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Riha K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bulankova P;Akimcheva S;Fellner N;Riha K
减数分裂是一种改良的细胞分裂，其中单个 S 期之后是两轮染色体分离，从而产生单倍体配子。染色体分离的减数分裂模式需要对基本细胞周期机制进行广泛的重塑并采用独特的调节机制。细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶 (CDK) 和细胞周期蛋白代表驱动和调节细胞周期进程的古老分子模块。细胞周期蛋白基因家族在被子植物中经历了大规模扩展，但只有少数细胞周期蛋白得到了彻底的表征。在这项研究中，我们进行了系统的免疫定位筛选，以鉴定在减数分裂中表达的拟南芥 A 型和 B 型细胞周期蛋白。许多细胞周期蛋白在营养组织中表现出细胞类型特异性表达和独特的亚细胞定位。我们发现六种 A 型细胞周期蛋白和一种 B 型细胞周期蛋白 (CYCB3;1) 在雄性减数分裂中表达。突变分析表明，这些细胞周期蛋白有助于不同的减数分裂相关过程。虽然 A2 细胞周期蛋白对于染色体分离很重要，但 CYCB3;1 可以防止异位细胞壁形成。我们进一步表明，细胞周期蛋白 SDS 不包含 D-box，并且在整个减数分裂过程中组成型表达。对携带带有引入的 D-box 基序的细胞周期蛋白 SDS 的植物的分析表明，除了其重组功能外，SDS 还与 CYCB3;1 一起抑制非计划的细胞壁合成。我们的表型和表达数据提供了广泛的证据，表明细胞周期蛋白在植物中的增殖伴随着功能多样化。在性生命周期中单倍体和二倍体细胞世代的改变需要减数分裂，这是一种特殊的细胞分裂，能够从二倍体细胞形成单倍体配子。减数分裂在生命周期中只发生一次，从有丝分裂到减数分裂染色体分配模式的转变需要对细胞周期机制进行广泛的重塑。细胞周期进程由细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶和相关细胞周期蛋白驱动，调节 CDK 活性并赋予底物特异性。细胞周期蛋白基因家族在植物中经历了大规模扩展，这提出了这样的问题：其中一些细胞周期蛋白是否进化出了特定的减数分裂功能。我们系统地分析了拟南芥中的两个细胞周期蛋白基因家族，以鉴定减数分裂表达的植物细胞周期蛋白。我们发现共有八种细胞周期蛋白在雄性减数分裂细胞中表达，功能表征揭示了它们参与不同的减数分裂过程。有趣的是，没有一个细胞周期蛋白对于减数分裂进程是必需的，这表明植物减数分裂是由非正统的细胞周期调节剂控制的。
Meiosis is a modified cell division in which a single S-phase is followed by two rounds of chromosome segregation resulting in the production of haploid gametes. The meiotic mode of chromosome segregation requires extensive remodeling of the basic cell cycle machinery and employment of unique regulatory mechanisms. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and cyclins represent an ancient molecular module that drives and regulates cell cycle progression. The cyclin gene family has undergone a massive expansion in angiosperm plants, but only a few cyclins were thoroughly characterized. In this study we performed a systematic immunolocalization screen to identify Arabidopsis thaliana A- and B-type cyclins expressed in meiosis. Many of these cyclins exhibit cell-type-specific expression in vegetative tissues and distinct subcellular localization. We found six A-type cyclins and a single B-type cyclin (CYCB3;1) to be expressed in male meiosis. Mutant analysis revealed that these cyclins contribute to distinct meiosis-related processes. While A2 cyclins are important for chromosome segregation, CYCB3;1 prevents ectopic cell wall formation. We further show that cyclin SDS does not contain a D-box and is constitutively expressed throughout meiosis. Analysis of plants carrying cyclin SDS with an introduced D-box motif determined that, in addition to its function in recombination, SDS acts together with CYCB3;1 in suppressing unscheduled cell wall synthesis. Our phenotypic and expression data provide extensive evidence that multiplication of cyclins is in plants accompanied by functional diversification. The alteration of haploid and diploid cell generations during the sexual life cycle requires meiosis, a specialized cell division that enables the formation of haploid gametes from diploid cells. Meiosis occurs only once during the life cycle, and the transition from the mitotic to meiotic mode of chromosome partitioning requires extensive remodeling of the cell cycle machinery. The cell cycle progression is driven by cyclin-dependent kinases and associated cyclins that regulate CDK activity and confer substrate specificity. Cyclin gene families have undergone a massive expansion in plants, which has raised the question of whether some of these cyclins evolved specific meiotic functions. We systematically analyzed two cyclin gene families in Arabidopsis to identify plant cyclins that are meiotically expressed. We found in total eight cyclins to be expressed in male meiotic cells, and functional characterization revealed their involvement in diverse meiotic processes. Interestingly, none of the cyclins appear to be essential for meiotic progression, indicating that plant meiosis is governed by unorthodox cell cycle regulators.
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影响因子：
6.2
作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
Mercier R