Episodic memory retrieval for story characters in high-functioning autism.
Episodic memory retrieval for story characters in high-functioning autism.
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DOI：
10.1186/2040-2392-4-20
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发表时间：
2013-06-24
期刊：
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Okazawa H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Komeda H;Kosaka H;Saito DN;Inohara K;Munesue T;Ishitobi M;Sato M;Okazawa H
本研究的目的是探讨自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）和典型发育（TD）个体之间情景记忆提取的差异。先前的研究表明，读者和人物之间的性格相似性促进了阅读理解。高度外向的参与者比不那么外向的参与者更容易阅读以外向主人公为主角的故事，并更快地判断这些故事的结果。同样，高度神经质的参与者判断故事的结果与神经质的主角比低水平的参与者更快。然而，相似性效应对记忆提取的影响尚不清楚。这项研究测试了我们的“相似性假设”，即增强记忆检索时，ASD和TD读者阅读故事与ASD和TD个人相关的特点，分别具有主角。18名患有高功能ASD（17至40岁）的日本人（1名女性）和17名年龄和智商（IQ）匹配的日本人（1名女性）TD参与者（22至40岁）阅读24个故事; 12个故事以ASD特征为主角，其他12个故事以TD主角为主角。参与者每次阅读一个句子，然后按空格键进入下一个句子。在阅读完所有24个故事后，他们被要求完成一个关于每个故事中目标句子的识别任务。为了研究ASD患者的情景记忆，我们分析了基于故事的阅读次数和可读性的编码，以及基于句子识别的准确性和响应时间的提取过程。虽然结果表明ASD和TD组在编码过程中没有差异，但它们确实揭示了记忆提取的组间差异。虽然ASD患者表现出与TD患者相同的准确性水平，但他们的记忆提取模式在反应时间方面有所不同。与ASD更有效地检索ASD一致的句子比ASD不一致的个人，和TD个人检索TD的故事更有效地比故事与ASD主角。因此，读者和故事人物之间的相似性对ASD和TD组的记忆提取有不同的影响。
The objective of this study was to examine differences in episodic memory retrieval between individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and typically developing (TD) individuals. Previous studies have shown that personality similarities between readers and characters facilitated reading comprehension. Highly extraverted participants read stories featuring extraverted protagonists more easily and judged the outcomes of such stories more rapidly than did less extraverted participants. Similarly, highly neurotic participants judged the outcomes of stories with neurotic protagonists more rapidly than did participants with low levels of neuroticism. However, the impact of the similarity effect on memory retrieval remains unclear. This study tested our ‘similarity hypothesis’, namely that memory retrieval is enhanced when readers with ASD and TD readers read stories featuring protagonists with ASD and with characteristics associated with TD individuals, respectively. Eighteen Japanese individuals (one female) with high-functioning ASD (aged 17 to 40 years) and 17 age- and intelligence quotient (IQ)-matched Japanese (one female) TD participants (aged 22 to 40 years) read 24 stories; 12 stories featured protagonists with ASD characteristics, and the other 12 featured TD protagonists. Participants read a single sentence at a time and pressed a spacebar to advance to the next sentence. After reading all 24 stories, they were asked to complete a recognition task about the target sentence in each story. To investigate episodic memory in ASD, we analyzed encoding based on the reading times for and readability of the stories and retrieval processes based on the accuracy of and response times for sentence recognition. Although the results showed no differences between ASD and TD groups in encoding processes, they did reveal inter-group differences in memory retrieval. Although individuals with ASD demonstrated the same level of accuracy as did TD individuals, their patterns of memory retrieval differed with respect to response times. Individuals with ASD more effectively retrieved ASD-congruent than ASD-incongruent sentences, and TD individuals retrieved stories with TD more effectively than stories with ASD protagonists. Thus, similarity between reader and story character had different effects on memory retrieval in the ASD and TD groups.
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影响因子：
10.6
作者：
Constantino, JN;Todd, RD
通讯作者：
Todd, RD
DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00266.x
发表时间：
2004-05-01
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Constantino, JN;Gruber, CP;Przybeck, T
通讯作者：
Przybeck, T
DOI：
10.1111/j.1471-3802.2010.01147.x
发表时间：
2010-06-01
影响因子：
1.5
作者：
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通讯作者：
Sandberg, Annika Dahlgren
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Constantino, JN;Davis, SA;Reich, W
通讯作者：
Reich, W
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
HAPPE, FGE
通讯作者：
HAPPE, FGE