Relationship between clinical signs and transmission of an infectious disease and the implications for control.
Relationship between clinical signs and transmission of an infectious disease and the implications for control.
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1199884
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发表时间：
2011-05-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Woolhouse ME
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Charleston B;Bankowski BM;Gubbins S;Chase-Topping ME;Schley D;Howey R;Barnett PV;Gibson D;Juleff ND;Woolhouse ME
许多传染病的控制依赖于临床病例的发现以及对病例及其接触者的隔离、清除或治疗。这种“反应性”策略的成功受到症状出现之前发生的传播比例的影响。我们进行了口蹄疫在牛中传播的实验研究，估计这一比例不到体液中检测病毒预期值的一半，体液中检测病毒是传染性的标准替代指标。这是因为感染期比目前认识到的要短（平均1.7天），并且动物在出现临床体征后平均0.5天才具有感染性。这些结果意味着，有争议的先发制人的控制措施可能是不必要的，相反，努力应针对感染的早期发现和快速干预。
Control of many infectious diseases relies on the detection of clinical cases and the isolation, removal or treatment of cases and their contacts. The success of such ‘reactive’ strategies is influenced by the fraction of transmission occurring before symptoms appear. We performed experimental studies of foot-and-mouth disease transmission in cattle and estimated this fraction at less than half the value expected from detecting virus in body fluids, the standard proxy measure of infectiousness. This is because the infectious period is shorter (mean 1.7 days) than currently realised and animals are not infectious until, on average, 0.5 days after clinical signs appear. These results imply that controversial pre-emptive control measures may be unnecessary; instead, efforts should be directed at early detection of infection and rapid intervention.
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