Assessment of social behavior directed toward sick partners and its relation to central cytokine expression in rats.
Assessment of social behavior directed toward sick partners and its relation to central cytokine expression in rats.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.10.011
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发表时间：
2017-12-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Deak T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hamasato EK;Lovelock D;Palermo-Neto J;Deak T
急性疾病不仅减少了患病啮齿动物的社会行为表达，而且当被健康的潜在社会伙伴发现时，也会导致回避反应。当健康的动物与患病的伴侣互动时，一个有趣的问题出现了：暴露于患病的同种是否会引发预期的免疫反应，从而有助于防御未来的感染？为了解决这个问题，健康的成年雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠（N=64）与患病（试验前3小时注射250 μg/kg脂多糖[LPS]）或健康（注射无菌盐水）的伴侣进行短暂的社交互动（30分钟）。在此暴露期间，社会行为直接对健康或生病的同种进行了测量。此外，评估了饲养条件的影响，大鼠分组或隔离饲养。在社交互动后，立即收获脑用于社交相关脑结构（嗅球、杏仁核、海马和PVN）内的细胞因子评估。正如预期的那样，行为结果表明，（i）有一个强大的抑制社会互动针对生病的同种;和（ii）隔离住房普遍增加社会行为。此外，对健康实验受试者的中枢细胞因子表达的检查显示，与生病的社会伴侣相互作用的大鼠的TNF-α适度增加，但仅在嗅球中。在注射LPS的伴侣中，在所有脑部位均观察到IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α表达的预期增加。此外，在与隔离饲养的实验受试者相互作用的注射LPS的伴侣中，IL-1β和IL-6表达加剧。总之，这些数据复制和扩展我们以前的工作表明，健康的大鼠避免生病的同种，并提供了初步证据，当大鼠暴露于生病的合作伙伴的预期细胞因子反应。这些数据也提供了新的证据表明，最近的住房历史有力地调节LPS引起的细胞因子反应。
Acute illness not only reduces the expression of social behavior by sick rodents, but can also lead to avoidance responses when detected by healthy, would-be social partners. When healthy animals interact with a sick partner, an intriguing question arises: does exposure to a sick conspecific elicit an anticipatory immune response that would facilitate defense against future infection? To address this question, healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (N=64) were given a brief social interaction (30 min) with a partner that was either sick (250 μg/kg injection with lipopolysaccharide [LPS] 3 h prior to test) or healthy (sterile saline injection). During this exposure, social behavior directed toward the healthy or sick conspecific was measured. Additionally, the impact of housing condition was assessed, with rats group- or isolate-housed. Immediately after social interaction, brains were harvested for cytokine assessments within socially-relevant brain structures (olfactory bulb, amygdala, hippocampus and PVN). As expected, behavioral results demonstrated that (i) there was a robust suppression of social interaction directed against sick conspecifics; and (ii) isolate-housing generally increased social behavior. Furthermore, examination of central cytokine expression in healthy experimental subjects revealed a modest increase in TNF-α in rats that interacted with a sick social partner, but only in the olfactory bulb. Among the LPS-injected partners, expected increases in IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α expression were observed across all brain sites. Moreover, IL-1β and IL-6 expression was exacerbated in LPS-injected partners that interacted with isolate-housed experimental subjects. Together, these data replicate and extend our prior work showing that healthy rats avoid sick conspecifics, and provide preliminary evidence for an anticipatory cytokine response when rats are exposed to a sick partner. These data also provide new evidence to suggest that recent housing history potently modulates cytokine responses evoked by LPS.
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