Age-Related Structural and Functional Changes of the Hippocampus and the Relationship with Inhibitory Control.
Age-Related Structural and Functional Changes of the Hippocampus and the Relationship with Inhibitory Control.
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DOI：
10.3390/brainsci10121013
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发表时间：
2020-12-19
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Li CR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hu S;Li CR
衰老与海马体的结构和功能变化有关，而海马体功能障碍是阿尔茨海默病的风险标志。之前，我们演示了停止信号任务中反应性和主动性控制与年龄相关的变化，每个变化都通过停止信号反应时间（SSRT）和顺序效应进行量化，顺序效应计算为估计的停止信号概率和尝试反应时间之间的相关性。年龄与 SSRT 呈正相关，但与序贯效应无关。在这里，我们探讨了 18 至 72 岁健康成年人的海马灰质体积 (GMV) 以及对反应抑制和 p(Stop) 的激活。结果显示，在“停止成功”与“继续”试验中，右前海马活动的减少与年龄相关，并且海马活动与 SSRT 呈负相关。相比之下，右后海马体对 p(Stop) 表现出较高的年龄相关反应，但活动与序贯效应无关。此外，我们观察到前海马和后海马的 GMV 减少。然而，GMV 与行为表现或区域活动无关。总之，这些发现表明海马 GMV 和区域活动代表了认知衰老的独特神经标志物，并区分了前海马和后海马在认知控制的年龄相关变化中的作用。
Aging is associated with structural and functional changes in the hippocampus, and hippocampal dysfunction represents a risk marker of Alzheimer’s disease. Previously, we demonstrated age-related changes in reactive and proactive control in the stop signal task, each quantified by the stop signal reaction time (SSRT) and sequential effect computed as the correlation between the estimated stop signal probability and go trial reaction time. Age was positively correlated with the SSRT, but not with the sequential effect. Here, we explored hippocampal gray matter volume (GMV) and activation to response inhibition and to p(Stop) in healthy adults 18 to 72 years of age. The results showed age-related reduction of right anterior hippocampal activation during stop success vs. go trials, and the hippocampal activities correlated negatively with the SSRT. In contrast, the right posterior hippocampus showed higher age-related responses to p(Stop), but the activities did not correlate with the sequential effect. Further, we observed diminished GMVs of the anterior and posterior hippocampus. However, the GMVs were not related to behavioral performance or regional activities. Together, these findings suggest that hippocampal GMVs and regional activities represent distinct neural markers of cognitive aging, and distinguish the roles of the anterior and posterior hippocampus in age-related changes in cognitive control.
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