Mutations affecting agonist sensitivity of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor.

Mutations affecting agonist sensitivity of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor.
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影响烟碱乙酰胆碱受体激动剂敏感性的突变。

DOI:
10.1016/s0006-3495(91)82102-6
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发表时间:
1991
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
Yellen,G
Yellen,G
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Tomaselli,GF;McLaughlin,JT;Jurman,ME;Hawrot,E;Yellen,G

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烟碱乙酰胆碱受体(AChR)是一种五聚体跨膜蛋白(α 2 β γ δ),其结合神经递质乙酰胆碱(ACh)并将这种结合转导到阳离子选择性通道的开放中。AChR的激动剂、竞争性拮抗剂和蛇毒素结合功能与α亚基相关(Kao等人,1984; Tzartos和Changeux,1984; Wilson等人,1985; Kao和Karlin,1986; Pederson等人,1986年)。我们使用定点突变和表达的AChR在非洲爪蟾卵母细胞中,以确定关键的配体结合和通道激活的氨基酸残基。基于来自序列同源性和来自先前生物化学的信息构建α亚基序列中的几个突变(Barkas等人,1987; Dennis等人,1988; Middleton和Cohen,1990)和光谱法(皮尔斯和Hawrot,1990;皮尔斯等人,1990)研究。我们已经确定了一个突变,Tyr 190苯丙氨酸(Y190 F),有显着的配体结合和通道激活的影响。这些突变通道需要超过50倍的ACh浓度的通道激活比野生型通道。这种功能变化主要是由激动剂结合亲和力的可比变化引起的,如通过ACh与α-银环蛇毒素结合竞争的能力所评估的。在α亚基的保守位置附近的其他突变(H186 F、P194 S、Y198 F)产生通道特性的不太显著的变化。我们的研究结果表明,配体结合和通道门控是可分离的受体蛋白质的属性,和Tyr 190似乎发挥了特定的作用,在乙酰胆碱的受体位点。
The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR) is a pentameric transmembrane protein (alpha 2 beta gamma delta) that binds the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) and transduces this binding into the opening of a cation selective channel. The agonist, competitive antagonist, and snake toxin binding functions of the AChR are associated with the alpha subunit (Kao et al., 1984; Tzartos and Changeux, 1984; Wilson et al., 1985; Kao and Karlin, 1986; Pederson et al., 1986). We used site-directed mutagenesis and expression of AChR in Xenopus oocytes to identify amino acid residues critical for ligand binding and channel activation. Several mutations in the alpha subunit sequence were constructed based on information from sequence homology and from previous biochemical (Barkas et al., 1987; Dennis et al., 1988; Middleton and Cohen, 1990) and spectroscopic (Pearce and Hawrot, 1990; Pearce et al., 1990) studies. We have identified one mutation, Tyr190 to Phe (Y190F), that had a dramatic effect on ligand binding and channel activation. These mutant channels required more than 50-fold higher concentrations of ACh for channel activation than did wild type channels. This functional change is largely accounted for by a comparable shift in the agonist binding affinity, as assessed by the ability of ACh to compete with alpha-bungarotoxin binding. Other mutations at nearby conserved positions of the alpha subunit (H186F, P194S, Y198F) produce less dramatic changes in channel properties. Our results demonstrate that ligand binding and channel gating are separable properties of the receptor protein, and that Tyr190 appears to play a specific role in the receptor site for acetylcholine.
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