Increased Cardiac Sympathetic Activity and Oxidative Stress in Habitual Electronic Cigarette Users: Implications for Cardiovascular Risk.
Increased Cardiac Sympathetic Activity and Oxidative Stress in Habitual Electronic Cigarette Users: Implications for Cardiovascular Risk.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1001/jamacardio.2016.5303
复制
发表时间：
2017-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
24
通讯作者：
Middlekauff HR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moheimani RS;Bhetraratana M;Yin F;Peters KM;Gornbein J;Araujo JA;Middlekauff HR
电子烟（电子烟）获得了前所未有的普及，但人们对其心血管风险几乎一无所知。为了验证一种假设，即在习惯使用电子烟的健康人群中，可以检测到心脏自主神经张力失衡、全身氧化应激和炎症增加。加州大学洛杉矶分校2015年至2016年习惯性电子烟使用者和非使用者对照的横断面病例对照研究。年龄在21岁至45岁之间的健康习惯性电子烟使用者符合研究标准，包括目前没有吸烟，没有已知的健康问题或处方药，有资格参加登记。符合这些纳入标准但非电子烟使用者的健康志愿者有资格被登记为对照个体。共有42名符合这些标准的参与者参加了这项研究，其中包括23名自认为是习惯性电子烟使用者和19名自认为是非烟草香烟、非电子烟使用者的对照组参与者。心率变异性成分分析了高频成分（0.15-0.4 Hz），迷走神经活动的指标，低频成分（0.04-0.15 Hz），迷走神经和交感神经活动的混合，以及低频与高频的比率，反映心脏交感病理迷走神经平衡。测定血浆中氧化应激的三个参数：(1)低密度脂蛋白氧化能力，(2)高密度脂蛋白抗氧化/抗炎能力，(3)对氧磷酶-1活性。在42名参与者中，35%是女性，35%是白人，平均年龄为27.6岁。与不使用电子烟的对照组参与者相比，电子烟使用者的高频成分显著降低（平均[SEM]， 46.5 [3.7] nu vs 57.8 [3.6] nu; P = .04）。电子烟使用者的低频分量（平均[SEM]， 52.7[4.0]比39.9[3.8]比，P = .03）和低频高频比（平均[SEM]， 1.37[0.19]比0.85 [0.18],P = .05）与不使用电子烟的对照组相比显著增加，与交感优势一致。低密度脂蛋白的氧化能力，表明载脂蛋白b对氧化的易感性，与不使用电子烟的对照组相比，电子烟使用者显著增加（平均[SEM]， 3801.0 [415.7] U对2413.3 [325.0]U, P = 0.01），与氧化应激增加一致，但高密度抗氧化/抗炎能力和对氧磷酶-1活性差异不显著。在这项研究中，习惯性使用电子烟与心脏自主神经平衡转向交感神经主导和氧化应激增加有关，两者都与心血管风险增加有关。
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have gained unprecedented popularity, but virtually nothing is known about their cardiovascular risks. To test the hypothesis that an imbalance of cardiac autonomic tone and increased systemic oxidative stress and inflammation are detectable in otherwise healthy humans who habitually use e-cigarettes. Cross-sectional case-control study of habitual e-cigarette users and nonuser control individuals from 2015 to 2016 at the University of California, Los Angeles. Otherwise healthy habitual e-cigarette users between the ages of 21 and 45 years meeting study criteria, including no current tobacco cigarette smoking and no known health problems or prescription medications, were eligible for enrollment. Healthy volunteers meeting these inclusion criteria who were not e-cigarette users were eligible to be enrolled as control individuals. A total of 42 participants meeting these criteria were enrolled in the study including 23 self-identified habitual e-cigarette users and 19 self-identified non–tobacco cigarette, non–e-cigarette user control participants. Heart rate variability components were analyzed for the high-frequency component (0.15–0.4 Hz), an indicator of vagal activity, the low-frequency component (0.04–0.15 Hz), a mixture of both vagal and sympathetic activity, and the ratio of the low frequency to high frequency, reflecting the cardiac sympathovagal balance. Three parameters of oxidative stress were measured in plasma: (1) low-density lipoprotein oxidizability, (2) high-density lipoprotein antioxidant/anti-inflammatory capacity, and (3) paraoxonase-1 activity. Of the 42 participants, 35% were women, 35% were white, and the mean age was 27.6 years. The high-frequency component was significantly decreased in the e-cigarette users compared with nonuser control participants (mean [SEM], 46.5 [3.7] nu vs 57.8 [3.6] nu; P = .04). The low-frequency component (mean [SEM], 52.7 [4.0] nu vs 39.9 [3.8] nu; P = .03) and the low frequency to high frequency ratio (mean [SEM], 1.37 [0.19] vs 0.85 [0.18]; P = .05) were significantly increased in the e-cigarette users compared with nonuser control participants, consistent with sympathetic predominance. Low-density lipoprotein oxidizability, indicative of the susceptibility of apolipoprotein B–containing lipoproteins to oxidation, was significantly increased in e-cigarette users compared with nonuser control individuals (mean [SEM], 3801.0 [415.7] U vs 2413.3 [325.0] U; P = .01) consistent with increased oxidative stress, but differences in high-density antioxidant/anti-inflammatory capacity and paraoxonase-1 activity were not significant. In this study, habitual e-cigarette use was associated with a shift in cardiac autonomic balance toward sympathetic predominance and increased oxidative stress, both associated with increased cardiovascular risk.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
37.8
作者：
Bhatnagar A;Whitsel LP;Ribisl KM;Bullen C;Chaloupka F;Piano MR;Robertson RM;McAuley T;Goff D;Benowitz N;American Heart Association Advocacy Coordinating Committee, Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing, Council on Clinical Cardiology, and Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research
通讯作者：
American Heart Association Advocacy Coordinating Committee, Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing, Council on Clinical Cardiology, and Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
HAYANO, J;YAMADA, M;TAKATA, K
通讯作者：
TAKATA, K
影响因子：
37.8
作者：
Dekker, JM;Crow, RS;Schouten, EG
通讯作者：
Schouten, EG
DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb39148.x
发表时间：
1993-05-28
期刊：
ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES-SERIES
影响因子：
--
作者：
PRYOR, WA;STONE, K;PACKER, L
通讯作者：
PACKER, L
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Barutcu, I;Esen, AM;Basaran, Y
通讯作者：
Basaran, Y