Audience Costs among the British Public: The Impact of Escalation, Crisis Type, and Prime Ministerial Rhetoric

Audience Costs among the British Public: The Impact of Escalation, Crisis Type, and Prime Ministerial Rhetoric
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英国公众的观众成本:升级、危机类型和首相言论的影响

DOI:
10.1111/isqu.12045
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发表时间:
2013
影响因子:
2.6
通讯作者:
Davies G
Davies G
中科院分区:
法学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Davies G

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这篇文章报道了一项嵌入英国公众调查(N=2235)的观众成本实验。我们从三个主要方面扩展了之前对观众成本的研究。首先,我们提供明确和直接的证据,证明它们是为第二级民主国家--联合王国而存在的。其次,我们表明,观众成本的程度是不同的,有时是相当大的,以及危机情况的特征,这些特征以前没有在这种背景下进行过经验检验。特别是,这种类型的危机强烈影响着公众对虚张声势的反应,以及对在让步之前升级危机是否明智的反应。尽管英国首相的观众成本似乎确实存在,但他或她不能通过向升级链上游移动来夸大观众成本。相反,有限使用武力往往会减轻英国公众的这些成本,因为在他们看来,这似乎是一种更一致的战略。第三,我们发现,公众对失败的虚张声势策略的反对在政治参与度较高的人群中更为强烈,这增加了观众成本将在投票箱中支付的可能性。
This article reports on an audience costs experiment embedded into a survey of the British public (N= 2235). We extend previous research into audience costs in three main directions. First, we provide clear and direct evidence that they exist for a second-order democratic power, the United Kingdom. Second, we show that the extent of audience costs varies, and at times substantially, along with features of the crisis situation that have not been examined empirically in this context before. In particular, the type of crisis strongly influences public reactions both to bluffing in general and to the wisdom or otherwise of escalating crises before backing down. While audience costs do appear to exist for a UK Prime Minister, he or she cannot inflate them by moving up the escalation chain. Rather, a limited use of force tends to mitigate these costs among the British public because it appears to them a more consistent strategy. Third, we show that public disapproval of a failed bluffing strategy is stronger among the more politically engaged, increasing the likelihood that audience costs will be paid at the ballot box.
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