Dynamics of immune system gene expression upon bacterial challenge and wounding in a social insect (Bombus terrestris).
Dynamics of immune system gene expression upon bacterial challenge and wounding in a social insect (Bombus terrestris).
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0018126
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发表时间：
2011-03-29
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Lattorff HM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Erler S;Popp M;Lattorff HM
帮助个体对抗病原体的先天免疫系统包含一组代表四种免疫系统途径（Toll、Imd、JNK 和 JAK/STAT）的基因。与双翅目相比，社会性昆虫（例如蜜蜂）缺乏免疫基因。先进的社会免疫系统（多个个体的协同作用）可能会弥补这一点。大黄蜂（Bombus terrestris）是一种原始的社会性物种，具有一年一次的生命周期和由单一蜂王领导的蜂群。我们利用这种关键的传粉媒介来研究免疫系统基因表达响应伤害和细菌挑战的时间动态。抗菌肽 (AMP)（阿巴霉素、防御素 1、膜菌素）因受伤和细菌攻击而强烈上调，后者对基因表达水平的影响更大。无菌伤口下调 TEPA（JAK/STAT 通路的效应基因），细菌感染影响 Imd（调味品）和 JNK 通路（篮子）的基因。细菌攻击后的第一个小时内，津津有味的表达上调，但随后急剧下降。受伤和细菌攻击后的 AMP 表达与津味的表达模式相关，而与背侧的相关表达不存在。尽管 AMP 的表达很高，但在整个实验过程中观察到细菌持续生长。在这里，我们首次展示了社会性昆虫免疫系统基因表达的时间动态。受伤和细菌攻击显着影响先天免疫系统。由于受伤而诱导 AMP 表达可能包括对伴随的细菌感染的预适应。与独居物种相比，这种群居昆虫的免疫系统效率较低，因为细菌的生长无法被抑制。建议采用调节 Imd 通路的负反馈环路。 AMP 是 Imd 途径的最终产物，抑制转录因子 relish 的上调，而转录因子 relish 是效应基因表达所必需的。
The innate immune system which helps individuals to combat pathogens comprises a set of genes representing four immune system pathways (Toll, Imd, JNK and JAK/STAT). There is a lack of immune genes in social insects (e.g. honeybees) when compared to Diptera. Potentially, this might be compensated by an advanced system of social immunity (synergistic action of several individuals). The bumble bee, Bombus terrestris, is a primitively eusocial species with an annual life cycle and colonies headed by a single queen. We used this key pollinator to study the temporal dynamics of immune system gene expression in response to wounding and bacterial challenge. Antimicrobial peptides (AMP) (abaecin, defensin 1, hymenoptaecin) were strongly up-regulated by wounding and bacterial challenge, the latter showing a higher impact on the gene expression level. Sterile wounding down-regulated TEP A, an effector gene of the JAK/STAT pathway, and bacterial infection influenced genes of the Imd (relish) and JNK pathway (basket). Relish was up-regulated within the first hour after bacterial challenge, but decreased strongly afterwards. AMP expression following wounding and bacterial challenge correlates with the expression pattern of relish whereas correlated expression with dorsal was absent. Although expression of AMPs was high, continuous bacterial growth was observed throughout the experiment. Here we demonstrate for the first time the temporal dynamics of immune system gene expression in a social insect. Wounding and bacterial challenge affected the innate immune system significantly. Induction of AMP expression due to wounding might comprise a pre-adaptation to accompanying bacterial infections. Compared with solitary species this social insect exhibits reduced immune system efficiency, as bacterial growth could not be inhibited. A negative feedback loop regulating the Imd-pathway is suggested. AMPs, the end product of the Imd-pathway, inhibited the up-regulation of the transcription factor relish, which is necessary for effector gene expression.
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影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Márkus, R;Kurucz, T;Andó, I
通讯作者：
Andó, I
DOI：
10.1016/j.cbpb.2008.02.007
发表时间：
2008-06-01
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Choi, Yong Soo;Choo, Young Moo;Jin, Byung Rae
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Jin, Byung Rae
影响因子：
16.8
作者：
Kurtz, J
通讯作者：
Kurtz, J
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Moret, Y;Schmid-Hempel, P
通讯作者：
Schmid-Hempel, P
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Sadd, Ben M.;Kube, Michael;Schmid-Hempel, Paul
通讯作者：
Schmid-Hempel, Paul