Striatal dysfunction marks preexisting risk and medial prefrontal dysfunction is related to problem drinking in children of alcoholics.
Striatal dysfunction marks preexisting risk and medial prefrontal dysfunction is related to problem drinking in children of alcoholics.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.02.020
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发表时间：
2010-08-01
影响因子：
10.6
通讯作者：
Zubieta, Jon-Kar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heitzeg, Mary M.;Nigg, Joel T.;Yau, Wai-Ying Wendy;Zucker, Robert A.;Zubieta, Jon-Kar
父母酗酒大大增加了后代酗酒的风险，这种影响被认为是由冲动控制失调介导的。成年酗酒者的额纹状体系统发生改变，涉及调节冲动反应。然而，这些改变是否反映了预先存在的容易导致酗酒问题的特征，或者是继发于酗酒的特征，仍然存在争议。 61 名 16 至 22 岁的青少年在功能性 MRI 期间接受了进行/不进行任务的测试。 41 人的父母至少有一位被诊断患有酒精使用障碍（AUD；FH+），20 人的父母没有患有 AUD（FH−）。创建两个 FH+ 亚组是为了将酒精参与与先前存在的风险分开：FH+ 对照组（n=20）有低度酒精问题，与 FH− 组的区别仅在于家族史。 FH+问题组（n=21）有酗酒问题。在成功抑制 FH− 组期间，腹侧尾状核失活，但 FH+ 组则不然，无论问题酒精是否参与。回归分析表明，腹侧尾状核失活与较少的外化问题以及家族史有关。 FH− 和 FH+ 对照组的眼眶和左内侧前额叶区域均被停用，但 FH+ 问题组则不然。这些区域的激活与酒精和其他药物的使用有关。这些发现表明，有 AUD 风险的青少年腹侧纹状体功能预先存在异常，这可能导致不适当的动机反应；并表明，饮酒后，前额叶“控制”机制会失去效率，进一步失调额纹状体动机回路。
Parental alcoholism substantially raises risk for offspring alcoholism, an effect thought to be mediated by a dysregulation in impulse control. Adult alcoholics have alterations in the frontostriatal system involved in regulating impulsive responses. However, it remains controversial whether these alterations reflect pre-existing traits predisposing to problem alcohol use, or are secondary to alcohol involvement. Sixty-one 16 to 22 year olds were tested using a go/no-go task during functional MRI. Forty-one had at least one parent with a diagnosis of alcohol use disorder (AUD; FH+) and 20 had no parent with AUD (FH−). Two FH+ subgroups were created to disentangle alcohol involvement from preexisting risk: the FH+ control (n=20) group had low alcohol problems, differing from the FH− group only by family history. The FH+ problem group (n=21) had high alcohol problems. The ventral caudate deactivated during successful inhibition in the FH− but not the FH+ groups, regardless of problem alcohol involvement. Regression analyses showed that ventral caudate deactivation was related to fewer externalizing problems as well as family history. Orbital and left medial prefrontal regions were deactivated in both the FH− and FH+ control groups but not the FH+ problem group. Activation in these regions was associated with alcohol and other drug use. These findings suggest a preexisting abnormality in ventral striatal function in youth at risk for AUD, which may lead to inappropriate motivational responding; and suggest that with alcohol use, the prefrontal “control” mechanism loses efficiency, further dysregulating the frontostriatal motivational circuitry.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.96.14.8301
发表时间：
1999-07-06
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Garavan, H;Ross, TJ;Stein, EA
通讯作者：
Stein, EA
影响因子：
10.6
作者：
Aron, AR;Poldrack, RA
通讯作者：
Poldrack, RA
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Durston, S;Davidson, MC;Casey, BJ
通讯作者：
Casey, BJ
DOI：
10.1097/00004583-199703000-00016
发表时间：
1997-03-01
影响因子：
13.3
作者：
Casey, BJ;Castellanos, FX;Rapoport, JL
通讯作者：
Rapoport, JL
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Greicius, MD;Menon, V
通讯作者：
Menon, V