Extrastriatal dopaminergic circuits of the Basal Ganglia.

Extrastriatal dopaminergic circuits of the Basal Ganglia.
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DOI:
10.3389/fnana.2010.00139
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发表时间:
2010
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
Wichmann T
Wichmann T
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Rommelfanger KS;Wichmann T

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基底神经节由纹状体、苍白球外段和内段(分别为 GPe 和 GPi)、丘脑底核(STN)以及黑质致密部和网状部(分别为 SNc 和 SNr)组成。多巴胺长期以来被认为是纹状体基底神经节功能的重要调节剂,纹状体多巴胺能传递的紊乱与帕金森病(PD)、成瘾和注意力缺陷多动障碍等疾病有关。然而,最近的证据表明,多巴胺也可能调节纹状体以外部位的基底神经节功能,并且这些部位的多巴胺能传输的变化可能会导致帕金森病和其他神经精神疾病的症状。本综述总结了当前关于 GPe、GPi、STN 和 SNr 多巴胺能神经支配的解剖学、功能效应和行为后果的知识。进一步了解纹状体外基底神经节功能的多巴胺能调节可能为我们提供机会,开发新的、更具体的策略来治疗基底神经节功能障碍疾病。
The basal ganglia are comprised of the striatum, the external and internal segment of the globus pallidus (GPe and GPi, respectively), the subthalamic nucleus (STN), and the substantia nigra pars compacta and reticulata (SNc and SNr, respectively). Dopamine has long been identified as an important modulator of basal ganglia function in the striatum, and disturbances of striatal dopaminergic transmission have been implicated in diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD), addiction and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. However, recent evidence suggests that dopamine may also modulate basal ganglia function at sites outside of the striatum, and that changes in dopaminergic transmission at these sites may contribute to the symptoms of PD and other neuropsychiatric disorders. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the anatomy, functional effects and behavioral consequences of the dopaminergic innervation to the GPe, GPi, STN, and SNr. Further insights into the dopaminergic modulation of basal ganglia function at extrastriatal sites may provide us with opportunities to develop new and more specific strategies for treating disorders of basal ganglia dysfunction.
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