Capturing the impact of individual characteristics on transport accessibility and equity analysis.
Capturing the impact of individual characteristics on transport accessibility and equity analysis.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.trd.2020.102473
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发表时间：
2020-10
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Sivakumar A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dixit M;Sivakumar A
使用对数和来评估个体特征对交通公平性和可获得性的影响。比较了具有和不具有个体特征的对数和的不同配方。忽视个体特征会导致低估可访问性的可变性。对数和度量中的个体特征提供了对不平等原因的更多洞察。个人所经历的交通可达性取决于他们的需要和能力，如他们的年龄、收入和性别等个人特征所代表的。虽然从公平的角度来看很重要，但在大多数运输公平研究中，无障碍的个别组成部分目前被忽视了。本文评估了将个体特征纳入基于对数和的可达性度量用于交通公平性分析的影响。使用2011-13年伦敦旅游需求调查(LTDS)的数据，我们指定了两种可访问性的替代对数和衡量标准--具有和不具有个人特征。利用这两种方法对空间公平、社会公平和经济公平进行了实证分析，并对结果进行了比较。结果清楚地表明，忽视可及性的对数和度量中的个体特征可能会导致社会和经济公平性分析的不可靠结果，但当聚集在大的地理区域进行空间公平性分析时，不会增加显著的价值。总体而言，忽视个人特征掩盖了以基尼指数衡量的可获得性分布的差异。虽然不是直截了当的，但使用两种对数和衡量标准的可及性模式之间的差异也有助于深入了解不平等的可能原因，这可以为政策制定者提供可行的投入。这项研究强调，个人需求和能力往往是个人可获得性差异的原因，忽视它们可能会导致误导性的公平图景，本文定量地证明了这一点。
Use logsum to assess impact of individual characteristics on transport equity & accessibility. Alternate formulations of logsum with and without individual characteristics are compared. Ignoring individual characteristics leads to an underestimation of variability in accessibility. Individual characteristics in logsum measures provide more insight into the causes of inequity. Transport accessibility experienced by an individual depends on their needs and abilities, as represented by their individual characteristics, such as age, income and gender. Although important from an equity perspective, the individual component of accessibility is currently ignored in most transport equity studies. This paper evaluates the impact of including individual characteristics into logsum-based accessibility measures for transport equity analysis. Using data from the London Travel Demand Survey (LTDS) 2011–13, two alternate logsum measures of accessibility are specified – with and without individual characteristics. An empirical analysis of spatial, social and economic equity is conducted using both the measures, and the outcomes are compared. The results clearly demonstrate that ignoring individual characteristics in logsum measures of accessibility can lead to unreliable outcomes for social and economic equity analysis, but do not add significant value when aggregated across large geographical zones for spatial equity analysis. Overall, ignoring individual characteristics masks the disparity in distribution of accessibility, as measured by the Gini index. Although not straightforward, the difference between accessibility patterns using the two logsum measures also yields insights into the possible causes of inequity, which can provide actionable inputs to policy makers. The study highlights that personal needs and abilities are often responsible for accessibility variations among individuals and ignoring them can result in a misleading picture of equity, as demonstrated quantitatively in this paper.
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影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Kwan, MP
通讯作者：
Kwan, MP
DOI：
10.1080/01944365908978307
发表时间：
1959-01-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF PLANNERS
影响因子：
--
作者：
HANSEN, WG
通讯作者：
HANSEN, WG
影响因子：
6.1
作者：
Carleton, Phillip R.;Porter, J. David
通讯作者：
Porter, J. David
DOI：
10.1016/j.trd.2010.04.006
发表时间：
2010-10-01
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Geurs, Karst;Zondag, Barry;de Bok, Michiel
通讯作者：
de Bok, Michiel
影响因子：
6.1
作者：
Delbosc, Alexa;Currie, Graham
通讯作者：
Currie, Graham