Ecological and evolutionary approaches to managing honeybee disease.

Ecological and evolutionary approaches to managing honeybee disease.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41559-017-0246-z
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发表时间:
2017-09
影响因子:
16.8
通讯作者:
de Roode JC
de Roode JC
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Brosi BJ;Delaplane KS;Boots M;de Roode JC

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蜜蜂数量的减少对全球农业安全和生产力构成严重威胁。虽然有多种因素导致了这些下降,但寄生虫是一个关键的驱动因素。蜜蜂的疾病问题近年来有所加剧,尽管人们越来越重视解决这些问题。在这里,我们认为,我们必须专注于疾病生态学和进化的原则,以了解疾病的动态,评估疾病威胁的严重性,并通过蜜蜂管理控制这些威胁。我们涵盖了蜜蜂疾病的生态背景,包括宿主和寄生虫因素驱动当前的传播动力学,然后讨论进化动力学,包括养蜂管理实践可能会推动选择更毒的寄生虫。然后,我们概述了生态和进化的原则如何指导蜜蜂的疾病缓解,包括解决短期和长期的疾病动态和后果的几个实用的管理建议。多种相互作用的因素导致了全球蜜蜂种群的迅速下降。在这里,作者回顾了寄生虫和病原体的影响,以及生态和进化原理如何指导管理实践。
Honeybee declines are a serious threat to global agricultural security and productivity. Although multiple factors contribute to these declines, parasites are a key driver. Disease problems in honeybees have intensified in recent years, despite increasing attention to addressing them. Here we argue that we must focus on the principles of disease ecology and evolution to understand disease dynamics, assess the severity of disease threats, and control these threats via honeybee management. We cover the ecological context of honeybee disease, including both host and parasite factors driving current transmission dynamics, and then discuss evolutionary dynamics including how beekeeping management practices may drive selection for more virulent parasites. We then outline how ecological and evolutionary principles can guide disease mitigation in honeybees, including several practical management suggestions for addressing short- and long-term disease dynamics and consequences. Multiple interacting factors have contributed to the rapid decline of honeybee populations worldwide. Here, the authors review the impact of parasites and pathogens, and how ecological and evolutionary principles can guide management practices.
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