Three decades of EU climate policy: Racing toward climate neutrality?

Three decades of EU climate policy: Racing toward climate neutrality?
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欧盟气候政策的三十年:迈向气候中和?

DOI:
10.1002/wcc.863
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发表时间:
2023
期刊:
WIREs Climate Change
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Dupont C
Dupont C
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dupont C

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欧盟(EU)从20世纪90年代开始制定气候政策。自那时以来,它建立了广泛的缓解政策措施和治理工具组合,包括具有法律约束力的减少温室气体排放的目标,以及处理排放交易、可再生能源、能源效率等问题的政策措施。2019年,欧盟执行机构欧盟委员会(European commission)发布了《欧洲绿色协议》(EGD),这是一个到2050年实现气候中和目标的总体政策框架。EGD旨在推动欧盟的气候政策和治理,而不仅仅是渐进式的政策制定。在本文中,我们的问题是:EGD是否代表着欧盟气候治理模式的突破?我们认为它维持了几个过去的模式,但仍然打破了其他既定的政策和治理趋势。我们回顾了政治化和新制度主义理论视角的见解,以帮助我们理解这些发现。我们揭示了欧盟气候治理方法中固有的某些紧张和挑战——围绕速度和一致性、有效性和公正过渡——突出了未来的研究需求,并对欧盟实施其气候政策目标的能力提出了质疑。本文分类如下:政策与治理、多层次和跨国气候变化治理
The European Union (EU) began developing climate policy in the 1990s. Since then, it has built up a broad portfolio of mitigation policy measures and governance tools, including legally binding targets to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and policy measures addressing emissions trading, renewable energy, energy efficiency, and more. In 2019, the European Commission—the EU's executive arm—published the European Green Deal (EGD), an overarching policy framework to achieve the goal of climate neutrality by 2050. The EGD aims to push EU climate policy and governance far beyond incremental policy development. In this article, we ask: does the EGD represent a break from past patterns of EU climate governance? We argue that it maintains several past patterns, but nevertheless breaks from other established policy and governance trends. We review insights from politicization and new institutionalist theoretical lenses to help us understand these findings. We reveal certain tensions and challenges inherent in the EU's climate governance approach—around speed and coherence, effectiveness and just transition—that highlight future research needs, and raise questions about the EU's ability to implement its climate policy goals.This article is categorized under:Policy and Governance > Multilevel and Transnational Climate Change Governance
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