Effects of elevated circulating cortisol concentrations on maternal behavior in common marmoset monkeys (Callithrix jacchus).
Effects of elevated circulating cortisol concentrations on maternal behavior in common marmoset monkeys (Callithrix jacchus).
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DOI：
10.1016/j.psyneuen.2009.03.012
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发表时间：
2009-09
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Abbott, David H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Saltzman, Wendy;Abbott, David H.
急性和慢性压力都会损害母亲的行为并增加某些物种的婴儿虐待率。引起这些影响的机制尚不清楚，但对循环皮质酮水平的实验操作会改变大鼠的母体行为，并且已发现循环或排泄的皮质醇浓度与人类和非人类灵长类动物的母体行为呈正相关或负相关。因此，在这项研究中，我们通过实验检验了这样的假设：外源性糖皮质激素的急性和慢性治疗都会改变灵长类动物——普通狨猴（Callithrix jacchus）的母性行为。产后约 3-5 周的经产女性每天接受皮质醇（氢化可的松琥珀酸钠和氢化可的松醋酸酯；N = 7）或载体（N = 7）注射，持续 8 天，并在基线条件下以及暴露于噪音应激源期间对产妇行为进行表征。皮质醇治疗成功地提高了早晨和下午的血浆皮质醇浓度，并抑制了促肾上腺皮质激素的循环水平。在家庭笼子观察中，接受皮质醇治疗的雌性携带婴儿的次数明显少于对照组母亲，而在噪音压力测试中，在第一次皮质醇或媒介物治疗后几个小时，接受皮质醇治疗的母亲检查婴儿的次数明显多于对照组。对婴儿的攻击行为很少且轻微，并且在治疗组之间没有差异。这些发现提供了第一个实验证据，证明皮质醇升高可以改变灵长类动物的母性行为。然而，由于这些影响的范围有限，他们表明其他压力反应激素或神经肽可能在调节压力对母亲行为的影响方面也发挥作用。
Both acute and chronic stress can impair maternal behavior and increase rates of infant abuse in several species. The mechanisms inducing these effects are unknown, but experimental manipulation of circulating corticosterone levels alters maternal behavior in rats, and circulating or excreted cortisol concentrations have been found to correlate either positively or negatively with maternal behavior in humans and nonhuman primates. In this study, therefore, we experimentally tested the hypothesis that both acute and chronic treatment with exogenous glucocorticoids would alter maternal behavior in a primate, the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). Multiparous females, approximately 3−5 weeks postpartum, received daily injections of either cortisol (hydrocortisone sodium succinate and hydrocortisone acetate; N = 7) or vehicle (N = 7) for 8 days, and maternal behavior was characterized under baseline conditions as well as during exposure to a noise stressor. Cortisol treatment successfully elevated both morning and afternoon plasma cortisol concentrations and suppressed circulating levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone. In home-cage observations, cortisol-treated females carried their infants significantly less than control mothers, and in noise-stressor tests, several hours after the first cortisol or vehicle treatment, cortisol-treated mothers inspected their infants significantly more often than controls. Aggression towards infants was infrequent and mild, and did not differ between treatment groups. These findings provide the first experimental evidence that cortisol elevations can alter maternal behavior in primates. As these effects were limited in scope, however, they suggest that other stress-responsive hormones or neuropeptides may additionally play a role in mediating the effects of stress on maternal behavior.
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